Upgrade to python 3.7.

docs/conf.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 #
 # dulwich documentation build configuration file, created by
 # sphinx-quickstart on Thu Feb 18 23:18:28 2010.
@@ -48,8 +47,8 @@ source_suffix = '.txt'
 master_doc = 'index'
 
 # General information about the project.
-project = u'dulwich'
-copyright = u'2011-2019 Jelmer Vernooij'
+project = 'dulwich'
+copyright = '2011-2023 Jelmer Vernooij'
 
 # The version info for the project you're documenting, acts as replacement for
 # |version| and |release|, also used in various other places throughout the
@@ -186,7 +185,7 @@ htmlhelp_basename = 'dulwichdoc'
 # (source start file, target name, title, author, documentclass
 # [howto/manual]).
 latex_documents = [
-    ('index', 'dulwich.tex', u'dulwich Documentation',
+    ('index', 'dulwich.tex', 'dulwich Documentation',
      'Jelmer Vernooij', 'manual'),
 ]
 

dulwich/archive.py

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ from io import BytesIO
 from contextlib import closing
 
 
-class ChunkedBytesIO(object):
+class ChunkedBytesIO:
     """Turn a list of bytestrings into a file-like object.
 
     This is similar to creating a `BytesIO` from a concatenation of the
@@ -129,7 +129,6 @@ def _walk_tree(store, tree, root=b""):
     for entry in tree.iteritems():
         entry_abspath = posixpath.join(root, entry.path)
         if stat.S_ISDIR(entry.mode):
-            for _ in _walk_tree(store, store[entry.sha], entry_abspath):
-                yield _
+            yield from _walk_tree(store, store[entry.sha], entry_abspath)
         else:
             yield (entry_abspath, entry)

dulwich/bundle.py

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ from typing import Dict, List, Tuple, Optional, Union, Sequence
 from .pack import PackData, write_pack_data
 
 
-class Bundle(object):
+class Bundle:
 
     version: Optional[int] = None
 

dulwich/cli.py

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ def signal_quit(signal, frame):
     pdb.set_trace()
 
 
-class Command(object):
+class Command:
     """A Dulwich subcommand."""
 
     def run(self, args):
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ class cmd_fsck(Command):
         opts, args = getopt(args, "", [])
         opts = dict(opts)
         for (obj, msg) in porcelain.fsck("."):
-            print("%s: %s" % (obj, msg))
+            print("{}: {}".format(obj, msg))
 
 
 class cmd_log(Command):
@@ -202,9 +202,9 @@ class cmd_dump_pack(Command):
             try:
                 print("\t%s" % x[name])
             except KeyError as k:
-                print("\t%s: Unable to resolve base %s" % (name, k))
+                print("\t{}: Unable to resolve base {}".format(name, k))
             except ApplyDeltaError as e:
-                print("\t%s: Unable to apply delta: %r" % (name, e))
+                print("\t{}: Unable to apply delta: {!r}".format(name, e))
 
 
 class cmd_dump_index(Command):
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ class cmd_status(Command):
             for kind, names in status.staged.items():
                 for name in names:
                     sys.stdout.write(
-                        "\t%s: %s\n" % (kind, name.decode(sys.getfilesystemencoding()))
+                        "\t{}: {}\n".format(kind, name.decode(sys.getfilesystemencoding()))
                     )
             sys.stdout.write("\n")
         if status.unstaged:
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ class cmd_ls_remote(Command):
             sys.exit(1)
         refs = porcelain.ls_remote(args[0])
         for ref in sorted(refs):
-            sys.stdout.write("%s\t%s\n" % (ref, refs[ref]))
+            sys.stdout.write("{}\t{}\n".format(ref, refs[ref]))
 
 
 class cmd_ls_tree(Command):
@@ -630,7 +630,7 @@ class cmd_submodule_list(Command):
         parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
         parser.parse_args(argv)
         for path, sha in porcelain.submodule_list("."):
-            sys.stdout.write(' %s %s\n' % (sha, path))
+            sys.stdout.write(' {} {}\n'.format(sha, path))
 
 
 class cmd_submodule_init(Command):

dulwich/client.py

@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ RECEIVE_CAPABILITIES = [
 ] + COMMON_CAPABILITIES
 
 
-class ReportStatusParser(object):
+class ReportStatusParser:
     """Handle status as reported by servers with 'report-status' capability."""
 
     def __init__(self):
@@ -258,13 +258,13 @@ def read_pkt_refs(pkt_seq):
         refs[ref] = sha
 
     if len(refs) == 0:
-        return {}, set([])
+        return {}, set()
     if refs == {CAPABILITIES_REF: ZERO_SHA}:
         refs = {}
     return refs, set(server_capabilities)
 
 
-class FetchPackResult(object):
+class FetchPackResult:
     """Result of a fetch-pack operation.
 
     Attributes:
@@ -336,10 +336,10 @@ class FetchPackResult(object):
         if name in type(self)._FORWARDED_ATTRS:
             self._warn_deprecated()
             return getattr(self.refs, name)
-        return super(FetchPackResult, self).__getattribute__(name)
+        return super().__getattribute__(name)
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "%s(%r, %r, %r)" % (
+        return "{}({!r}, {!r}, {!r})".format(
             self.__class__.__name__,
             self.refs,
             self.symrefs,
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ class FetchPackResult(object):
         )
 
 
-class SendPackResult(object):
+class SendPackResult:
     """Result of a upload-pack operation.
 
     Attributes:
@@ -414,10 +414,10 @@ class SendPackResult(object):
         if name in type(self)._FORWARDED_ATTRS:
             self._warn_deprecated()
             return getattr(self.refs, name)
-        return super(SendPackResult, self).__getattribute__(name)
+        return super().__getattribute__(name)
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "%s(%r, %r)" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.refs, self.agent)
+        return "{}({!r}, {!r})".format(self.__class__.__name__, self.refs, self.agent)
 
 
 def _read_shallow_updates(pkt_seq):
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ def _read_shallow_updates(pkt_seq):
     return (new_shallow, new_unshallow)
 
 
-class _v1ReceivePackHeader(object):
+class _v1ReceivePackHeader:
 
     def __init__(self, capabilities, old_refs, new_refs):
         self.want = []
@@ -464,12 +464,12 @@ class _v1ReceivePackHeader(object):
             old_sha1 = old_refs.get(refname, ZERO_SHA)
             if not isinstance(old_sha1, bytes):
                 raise TypeError(
-                    "old sha1 for %s is not a bytestring: %r" % (refname, old_sha1)
+                    "old sha1 for {!r} is not a bytestring: {!r}".format(refname, old_sha1)
                 )
             new_sha1 = new_refs.get(refname, ZERO_SHA)
             if not isinstance(new_sha1, bytes):
                 raise TypeError(
-                    "old sha1 for %s is not a bytestring %r" % (refname, new_sha1)
+                    "old sha1 for {!r} is not a bytestring {!r}".format(refname, new_sha1)
                 )
 
             if old_sha1 != new_sha1:
@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ def _handle_upload_pack_tail(
 # TODO(durin42): this doesn't correctly degrade if the server doesn't
 # support some capabilities. This should work properly with servers
 # that don't support multi_ack.
-class GitClient(object):
+class GitClient:
     """Git smart server client."""
 
     def __init__(
@@ -1012,7 +1012,7 @@ class TraditionalGitClient(GitClient):
 
     def __init__(self, path_encoding=DEFAULT_ENCODING, **kwargs):
         self._remote_path_encoding = path_encoding
-        super(TraditionalGitClient, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
 
     async def _connect(self, cmd, path):
         """Create a connection to the server.
@@ -1255,7 +1255,7 @@ class TCPGitClient(TraditionalGitClient):
             port = TCP_GIT_PORT
         self._host = host
         self._port = port
-        super(TCPGitClient, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
 
     @classmethod
     def from_parsedurl(cls, parsedurl, **kwargs):
@@ -1283,7 +1283,7 @@ class TCPGitClient(TraditionalGitClient):
             try:
                 s.connect(sockaddr)
                 break
-            except socket.error as e:
+            except OSError as e:
                 err = e
                 if s is not None:
                     s.close()
@@ -1313,7 +1313,7 @@ class TCPGitClient(TraditionalGitClient):
         return proto, lambda: _fileno_can_read(s), None
 
 
-class SubprocessWrapper(object):
+class SubprocessWrapper:
     """A socket-like object that talks to a subprocess via pipes."""
 
     def __init__(self, proc):
@@ -1472,7 +1472,7 @@ class LocalGitClient(GitClient):
                 old_sha1 = old_refs.get(refname, ZERO_SHA)
                 if new_sha1 != ZERO_SHA:
                     if not target.refs.set_if_equals(refname, old_sha1, new_sha1):
-                        msg = "unable to set %s to %s" % (refname, new_sha1)
+                        msg = "unable to set {} to {}".format(refname, new_sha1)
                         progress(msg)
                         ref_status[refname] = msg
                 else:
@@ -1557,7 +1557,7 @@ class LocalGitClient(GitClient):
 default_local_git_client_cls = LocalGitClient
 
 
-class SSHVendor(object):
+class SSHVendor:
     """A client side SSH implementation."""
 
     def run_command(
@@ -1594,7 +1594,7 @@ class StrangeHostname(Exception):
     """Refusing to connect to strange SSH hostname."""
 
     def __init__(self, hostname):
-        super(StrangeHostname, self).__init__(hostname)
+        super().__init__(hostname)
 
 
 class SubprocessSSHVendor(SSHVendor):
@@ -1630,7 +1630,7 @@ class SubprocessSSHVendor(SSHVendor):
             args.extend(["-i", str(key_filename)])
 
         if username:
-            host = "%s@%s" % (username, host)
+            host = "{}@{}".format(username, host)
         if host.startswith("-"):
             raise StrangeHostname(hostname=host)
         args.append(host)
@@ -1684,7 +1684,7 @@ class PLinkSSHVendor(SSHVendor):
             args.extend(["-i", str(key_filename)])
 
         if username:
-            host = "%s@%s" % (username, host)
+            host = "{}@{}".format(username, host)
         if host.startswith("-"):
             raise StrangeHostname(hostname=host)
         args.append(host)
@@ -1736,7 +1736,7 @@ class SSHGitClient(TraditionalGitClient):
         self.ssh_command = ssh_command or os.environ.get(
             "GIT_SSH_COMMAND", os.environ.get("GIT_SSH")
         )
-        super(SSHGitClient, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
         self.alternative_paths = {}
         if vendor is not None:
             self.ssh_vendor = vendor
@@ -2195,14 +2195,14 @@ class AbstractHttpGitClient(GitClient):
             kwargs["username"] = urlunquote(username)
         netloc = parsedurl.hostname
         if parsedurl.port:
-            netloc = "%s:%s" % (netloc, parsedurl.port)
+            netloc = "{}:{}".format(netloc, parsedurl.port)
         if parsedurl.username:
-            netloc = "%s@%s" % (parsedurl.username, netloc)
+            netloc = "{}@{}".format(parsedurl.username, netloc)
         parsedurl = parsedurl._replace(netloc=netloc)
         return cls(urlunparse(parsedurl), **kwargs)
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "%s(%r, dumb=%r)" % (
+        return "{}({!r}, dumb={!r})".format(
             type(self).__name__,
             self._base_url,
             self.dumb,
@@ -2239,7 +2239,7 @@ class Urllib3HttpGitClient(AbstractHttpGitClient):
 
         self.config = config
 
-        super(Urllib3HttpGitClient, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             base_url=base_url, dumb=dumb, **kwargs)
 
     def _get_url(self, path):

dulwich/cloud/gcs.py

@@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ from ..pack import PackData, Pack, load_pack_index_file
 class GcsObjectStore(BucketBasedObjectStore):
 
     def __init__(self, bucket, subpath=''):
-        super(GcsObjectStore, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         self.bucket = bucket
         self.subpath = subpath
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "%s(%r, subpath=%r)" % (
+        return "{}({!r}, subpath={!r})".format(
             type(self).__name__, self.bucket, self.subpath)
 
     def _remove_pack(self, name):
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ class GcsObjectStore(BucketBasedObjectStore):
             name, ext = posixpath.splitext(posixpath.basename(blob.name))
             packs.setdefault(name, set()).add(ext)
         for name, exts in packs.items():
-            if exts == set(['.pack', '.idx']):
+            if exts == {'.pack', '.idx'}:
                 yield name
 
     def _load_pack_data(self, name):

dulwich/config.py

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ Value = bytes
 ValueLike = Union[bytes, str]
 
 
-class Config(object):
+class Config:
     """A Git configuration."""
 
     def get(self, section: SectionLike, name: NameLike) -> Value:
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ class ConfigDict(Config, MutableMapping[Section, MutableMapping[Name, Value]]):
         self._values = CaseInsensitiveOrderedMultiDict.make(values)
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return "%s(%r)" % (self.__class__.__name__, self._values)
+        return "{}({!r})".format(self.__class__.__name__, self._values)
 
     def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
         return isinstance(other, self.__class__) and other._values == self._values
@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ class ConfigFile(ConfigDict):
         ] = None,
         encoding: Union[str, None] = None
     ) -> None:
-        super(ConfigFile, self).__init__(values=values, encoding=encoding)
+        super().__init__(values=values, encoding=encoding)
         self.path: Optional[str] = None
 
     @classmethod  # noqa: C901
@@ -687,7 +687,7 @@ class StackedConfig(Config):
         self.writable = writable
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return "<%s for %r>" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.backends)
+        return "<{} for {!r}>".format(self.__class__.__name__, self.backends)
 
     @classmethod
     def default(cls) -> "StackedConfig":

dulwich/contrib/diffstat.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # vim:ts=4:sw=4:softtabstop=4:smarttab:expandtab
 
 # Copyright (c) 2020 Kevin B. Hendricks, Stratford Ontario Canada
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@
 
 import sys
 import re
-from typing import Optional
+from typing import Optional, Tuple, List
 
 # only needs to detect git style diffs as this is for
 # use with dulwich
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ _GIT_UNCHANGED_START = b" "
 # properly interface with diffstat routine
 
 
-def _parse_patch(lines):
+def _parse_patch(lines: List[bytes]) -> Tuple[List[bytes], List[bool], List[Tuple[int, int]]]:
     """Parse a git style diff or patch to generate diff stats.
 
     Args:

dulwich/contrib/paramiko_vendor.py

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ import paramiko
 import paramiko.client
 
 
-class _ParamikoWrapper(object):
+class _ParamikoWrapper:
     def __init__(self, client, channel):
         self.client = client
         self.channel = channel
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class _ParamikoWrapper(object):
         self.channel.close()
 
 
-class ParamikoSSHVendor(object):
+class ParamikoSSHVendor:
     # http://docs.paramiko.org/en/2.4/api/client.html
 
     def __init__(self, **kwargs):

dulwich/contrib/release_robot.py

@@ -78,11 +78,11 @@ def get_recent_tags(projdir=PROJDIR):
             obj = project.get_object(value)  # dulwich object from SHA-1
             # don't just check if object is "tag" b/c it could be a "commit"
             # instead check if "tags" is in the ref-name
-            if u"tags" not in key:
+            if "tags" not in key:
                 # skip ref if not a tag
                 continue
             # strip the leading text from refs to get "tag name"
-            _, tag = key.rsplit(u"/", 1)
+            _, tag = key.rsplit("/", 1)
             # check if tag object is "commit" or "tag" pointing to a "commit"
             try:
                 commit = obj.object  # a tuple (commit class, commit id)

dulwich/contrib/requests_vendor.py

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class RequestsHttpGitClient(AbstractHttpGitClient):
         if username is not None:
             self.session.auth = (username, password)
 
-        super(RequestsHttpGitClient, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             base_url=base_url, dumb=dumb, **kwargs)
 
     def _http_request(self, url, headers=None, data=None, allow_compression=False):

dulwich/contrib/swift.py

@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ class SwiftException(Exception):
     pass
 
 
-class SwiftConnector(object):
+class SwiftConnector:
     """A Connector to swift that manage authentication and errors catching"""
 
     def __init__(self, root, conf):
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ class SwiftConnector(object):
             )
 
 
-class SwiftPackReader(object):
+class SwiftPackReader:
     """A SwiftPackReader that mimic read and sync method
 
     The reader allows to read a specified amount of bytes from
@@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ class SwiftPackReader(object):
             self.buff_length = self.buff_length * 2
         offset = self.base_offset
         r = min(self.base_offset + self.buff_length, self.pack_length)
-        ret = self.scon.get_object(self.filename, range="%s-%s" % (offset, r))
+        ret = self.scon.get_object(self.filename, range="{}-{}".format(offset, r))
         self.buff = ret
 
     def read(self, length):
@@ -629,7 +629,7 @@ class SwiftPack(Pack):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self.scon = kwargs["scon"]
         del kwargs["scon"]
-        super(SwiftPack, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
         self._pack_info_path = self._basename + ".info"
         self._pack_info = None
         self._pack_info_load = lambda: load_pack_info(self._pack_info_path, self.scon)
@@ -657,7 +657,7 @@ class SwiftObjectStore(PackBasedObjectStore):
         Args:
           scon: A `SwiftConnector` instance
         """
-        super(SwiftObjectStore, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         self.scon = scon
         self.root = self.scon.root
         self.pack_dir = posixpath.join(OBJECTDIR, PACKDIR)
@@ -860,7 +860,7 @@ class SwiftInfoRefsContainer(InfoRefsContainer):
         f = self.scon.get_object(self.filename)
         if not f:
             f = BytesIO(b"")
-        super(SwiftInfoRefsContainer, self).__init__(f)
+        super().__init__(f)
 
     def _load_check_ref(self, name, old_ref):
         self._check_refname(name)
@@ -1066,7 +1066,7 @@ def main(argv=sys.argv):
     }
 
     if len(sys.argv) < 2:
-        print("Usage: %s <%s> [OPTIONS...]" % (sys.argv[0], "|".join(commands.keys())))
+        print("Usage: {} <{}> [OPTIONS...]".format(sys.argv[0], "|".join(commands.keys())))
         sys.exit(1)
 
     cmd = sys.argv[1]

dulwich/contrib/test_paramiko_vendor.py

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ else:
     class Server(paramiko.ServerInterface):
         """http://docs.paramiko.org/en/2.4/api/server.html"""
         def __init__(self, commands, *args, **kwargs):
-            super(Server, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+            super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
             self.commands = commands
 
         def check_channel_exec_request(self, channel, command):
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class ParamikoSSHVendorTests(TestCase):
     def _run(self):
         try:
             conn, addr = self.socket.accept()
-        except socket.error:
+        except OSError:
             return False
         self.transport = paramiko.Transport(conn)
         self.addCleanup(self.transport.close)

dulwich/contrib/test_swift.py

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ def create_swift_connector(store={}):
     return lambda root, conf: FakeSwiftConnector(root, conf=conf, store=store)
 
 
-class Response(object):
+class Response:
     def __init__(self, headers={}, status=200, content=None):
         self.headers = headers
         self.status_code = status
@@ -183,14 +183,14 @@ def create_commit(data, marker=b"Default", blob=None):
 def create_commits(length=1, marker=b"Default"):
     data = []
     for i in range(0, length):
-        _marker = ("%s_%s" % (marker, i)).encode()
+        _marker = ("{}_{}".format(marker, i)).encode()
         blob, tree, tag, cmt = create_commit(data, _marker)
         data.extend([blob, tree, tag, cmt])
     return data
 
 
 @skipIf(missing_libs, skipmsg)
-class FakeSwiftConnector(object):
+class FakeSwiftConnector:
     def __init__(self, root, conf, store=None):
         if store:
             self.store = store
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ class FakeSwiftConnector(object):
 @skipIf(missing_libs, skipmsg)
 class TestSwiftRepo(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(TestSwiftRepo, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.conf = swift.load_conf(file=StringIO(config_file % def_config_file))
 
     def test_init(self):
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ class TestSwiftRepo(TestCase):
 @skipIf(missing_libs, skipmsg)
 class TestSwiftInfoRefsContainer(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(TestSwiftInfoRefsContainer, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         content = (
             b"22effb216e3a82f97da599b8885a6cadb488b4c5\trefs/heads/master\n"
             b"cca703b0e1399008b53a1a236d6b4584737649e4\trefs/heads/dev"
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ class TestSwiftInfoRefsContainer(TestCase):
 @skipIf(missing_libs, skipmsg)
 class TestSwiftConnector(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(TestSwiftConnector, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.conf = swift.load_conf(file=StringIO(config_file % def_config_file))
         with patch("geventhttpclient.HTTPClient.request", fake_auth_request_v1):
             self.conn = swift.SwiftConnector("fakerepo", conf=self.conf)
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ class TestSwiftConnector(TestCase):
         with patch(
             "geventhttpclient.HTTPClient.request",
             lambda *args: Response(
-                content=json.dumps((({"name": "a"}, {"name": "b"})))
+                content=json.dumps(({"name": "a"}, {"name": "b"}))
             ),
         ):
             self.assertEqual(len(self.conn.get_container_objects()), 2)

dulwich/diff_tree.py

@@ -191,13 +191,12 @@ def tree_changes(
         source and target tree.
     """
     if rename_detector is not None and tree1_id is not None and tree2_id is not None:
-        for change in rename_detector.changes_with_renames(
+        yield from rename_detector.changes_with_renames(
             tree1_id,
             tree2_id,
             want_unchanged=want_unchanged,
             include_trees=include_trees,
-        ):
-            yield change
+        )
         return
 
     entries = walk_trees(
@@ -402,7 +401,7 @@ def _tree_change_key(entry):
     return (path1, path2)
 
 
-class RenameDetector(object):
+class RenameDetector:
     """Object for handling rename detection between two trees."""
 
     def __init__(

dulwich/errors.py

@@ -43,12 +43,12 @@ class ChecksumMismatch(Exception):
         if self.extra is None:
             Exception.__init__(
                 self,
-                "Checksum mismatch: Expected %s, got %s" % (expected, got),
+                "Checksum mismatch: Expected {}, got {}".format(expected, got),
             )
         else:
             Exception.__init__(
                 self,
-                "Checksum mismatch: Expected %s, got %s; %s" % (expected, got, extra),
+                "Checksum mismatch: Expected {}, got {}; {}".format(expected, got, extra),
             )
 
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class WrongObjectException(Exception):
     type_name: str
 
     def __init__(self, sha, *args, **kwargs):
-        Exception.__init__(self, "%s is not a %s" % (sha, self.type_name))
+        Exception.__init__(self, "{} is not a {}".format(sha, self.type_name))
 
 
 class NotCommitError(WrongObjectException):
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ class UpdateRefsError(GitProtocolError):
 
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self.ref_status = kwargs.pop("ref_status")
-        super(UpdateRefsError, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 
 
 class HangupException(GitProtocolError):
@@ -150,13 +150,13 @@ class HangupException(GitProtocolError):
 
     def __init__(self, stderr_lines=None):
         if stderr_lines:
-            super(HangupException, self).__init__(
+            super().__init__(
                 "\n".join(
                     [line.decode("utf-8", "surrogateescape") for line in stderr_lines]
                 )
             )
         else:
-            super(HangupException, self).__init__(
+            super().__init__(
                 "The remote server unexpectedly closed the connection."
             )
         self.stderr_lines = stderr_lines
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ class UnexpectedCommandError(GitProtocolError):
             command = "flush-pkt"
         else:
             command = "command %s" % command
-        super(UnexpectedCommandError, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             "Protocol got unexpected %s" % command
         )
 

dulwich/fastexport.py

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ def split_email(text):
     return (name, email.rstrip(b">"))
 
 
-class GitFastExporter(object):
+class GitFastExporter:
     """Generate a fast-export output stream for Git objects."""
 
     def __init__(self, outf, store):

dulwich/file.py

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 
 """Safe access to git files."""
 
-import io
 import os
 import sys
 
@@ -83,15 +82,15 @@ def GitFile(filename, mode="rb", bufsize=-1, mask=0o644):
 
     """
     if "a" in mode:
-        raise IOError("append mode not supported for Git files")
+        raise OSError("append mode not supported for Git files")
     if "+" in mode:
-        raise IOError("read/write mode not supported for Git files")
+        raise OSError("read/write mode not supported for Git files")
     if "b" not in mode:
-        raise IOError("text mode not supported for Git files")
+        raise OSError("text mode not supported for Git files")
     if "w" in mode:
         return _GitFile(filename, mode, bufsize, mask)
     else:
-        return io.open(filename, mode, bufsize)
+        return open(filename, mode, bufsize)
 
 
 class FileLocked(Exception):
@@ -100,10 +99,10 @@ class FileLocked(Exception):
     def __init__(self, filename, lockfilename):
         self.filename = filename
         self.lockfilename = lockfilename
-        super(FileLocked, self).__init__(filename, lockfilename)
+        super().__init__(filename, lockfilename)
 
 
-class _GitFile(object):
+class _GitFile:
     """File that follows the git locking protocol for writes.
 
     All writes to a file foo will be written into foo.lock in the same
@@ -114,17 +113,15 @@ class _GitFile(object):
         released. Typically this will happen in a finally block.
     """
 
-    PROXY_PROPERTIES = set(
-        [
-            "closed",
-            "encoding",
-            "errors",
-            "mode",
-            "name",
-            "newlines",
-            "softspace",
-        ]
-    )
+    PROXY_PROPERTIES = {
+        "closed",
+        "encoding",
+        "errors",
+        "mode",
+        "name",
+        "newlines",
+        "softspace",
+    }
     PROXY_METHODS = (
         "__iter__",
         "flush",

dulwich/graph.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # vim:ts=4:sw=4:softtabstop=4:smarttab:expandtab
 # Copyright (c) 2020 Kevin B. Hendricks, Stratford Ontario Canada
 #

dulwich/greenthreads.py

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ class GreenThreadsMissingObjectFinder(MissingObjectFinder):
             self.sha_done.add(t)
         missing_tags = want_tags.difference(have_tags)
         wants = missing_commits.union(missing_tags)
-        self.objects_to_send = set([(w, None, False) for w in wants])
+        self.objects_to_send = {(w, None, False) for w in wants}
         if progress is None:
             self.progress = lambda x: None
         else:
@@ -122,15 +122,14 @@ class GreenThreadsObjectStoreIterator(ObjectStoreIterator):
     def __init__(self, store, shas, finder, concurrency=1):
         self.finder = finder
         self.p = pool.Pool(size=concurrency)
-        super(GreenThreadsObjectStoreIterator, self).__init__(store, shas)
+        super().__init__(store, shas)
 
     def retrieve(self, args):
         sha, path = args
         return self.store[sha], path
 
     def __iter__(self):
-        for sha, path in self.p.imap_unordered(self.retrieve, self.itershas()):
-            yield sha, path
+        yield from self.p.imap_unordered(self.retrieve, self.itershas())
 
     def __len__(self):
         if len(self._shas) > 0:

dulwich/hooks.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ from dulwich.errors import (
 )
 
 
-class Hook(object):
+class Hook:
     """Generic hook object."""
 
     def execute(self, *args):

dulwich/ignore.py

@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ def match_pattern(path: bytes, pattern: bytes, ignorecase: bool = False) -> bool
     return Pattern(pattern, ignorecase).match(path)
 
 
-class Pattern(object):
+class Pattern:
     """A single ignore pattern."""
 
     def __init__(self, pattern: bytes, ignorecase: bool = False):
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ class Pattern(object):
         )
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return "%s(%r, %r)" % (
+        return "{}({!r}, {!r})".format(
             type(self).__name__,
             self.pattern,
             self.ignorecase,
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ class Pattern(object):
         return bool(self._re.match(path))
 
 
-class IgnoreFilter(object):
+class IgnoreFilter:
     def __init__(self, patterns: Iterable[bytes], ignorecase: bool = False, path=None):
         self._patterns: List[Pattern] = []
         self._ignorecase = ignorecase
@@ -249,12 +249,12 @@ class IgnoreFilter(object):
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         path = getattr(self, "_path", None)
         if path is not None:
-            return "%s.from_path(%r)" % (type(self).__name__, path)
+            return "{}.from_path({!r})".format(type(self).__name__, path)
         else:
             return "<%s>" % (type(self).__name__)
 
 
-class IgnoreFilterStack(object):
+class IgnoreFilterStack:
     """Check for ignore status in multiple filters."""
 
     def __init__(self, filters):
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ def default_user_ignore_filter_path(config: Config) -> str:
     return get_xdg_config_home_path("git", "ignore")
 
 
-class IgnoreFilterManager(object):
+class IgnoreFilterManager:
     """Ignore file manager."""
 
     def __init__(
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ class IgnoreFilterManager(object):
         self._ignorecase = ignorecase
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return "%s(%s, %r, %r)" % (
+        return "{}({}, {!r}, {!r})".format(
             type(self).__name__,
             self._top_path,
             self._global_filters,
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ class IgnoreFilterManager(object):
         p = os.path.join(self._top_path, path, ".gitignore")
         try:
             self._path_filters[path] = IgnoreFilter.from_path(p, self._ignorecase)
-        except IOError:
+        except OSError:
             self._path_filters[path] = None
         return self._path_filters[path]
 
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ class IgnoreFilterManager(object):
         ]:
             try:
                 global_filters.append(IgnoreFilter.from_path(os.path.expanduser(p)))
-            except IOError:
+            except OSError:
                 pass
         config = repo.get_config_stack()
         ignorecase = config.get_boolean((b"core"), (b"ignorecase"), False)

dulwich/index.py

@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ def read_cache_entry(f, version: int) -> Tuple[str, IndexEntry]:
         (extended_flags, ) = struct.unpack(">H", f.read(2))
     else:
         extended_flags = 0
-    name = f.read((flags & 0x0FFF))
+    name = f.read(flags & 0x0FFF)
     # Padding:
     if version < 4:
         real_size = (f.tell() - beginoffset + 8) & ~7
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ def cleanup_mode(mode: int) -> int:
     return ret
 
 
-class Index(object):
+class Index:
     """A Git Index file."""
 
     def __init__(self, filename: Union[bytes, str], read=True):
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ class Index(object):
         return self._filename
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "%s(%r)" % (self.__class__.__name__, self._filename)
+        return "{}({!r})".format(self.__class__.__name__, self._filename)
 
     def write(self) -> None:
         """Write current contents of index to disk."""
@@ -431,14 +431,13 @@ class Index(object):
             entry = self[path]
             return entry.sha, cleanup_mode(entry.mode)
 
-        for (name, mode, sha) in changes_from_tree(
+        yield from changes_from_tree(
             self._byname.keys(),
             lookup_entry,
             object_store,
             tree,
             want_unchanged=want_unchanged,
-        ):
-            yield (name, mode, sha)
+        )
 
     def commit(self, object_store):
         """Create a new tree from an index.
@@ -1014,7 +1013,7 @@ def refresh_index(index: Index, root_path: bytes):
             index[path] = entry
 
 
-class locked_index(object):
+class locked_index:
     """Lock the index while making modifications.
 
     Works as a context manager.

dulwich/lfs.py

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import os
 import tempfile
 
 
-class LFSStore(object):
+class LFSStore:
     """Stores objects on disk, indexed by SHA256."""
 
     def __init__(self, path):

dulwich/line_ending.py

@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ def get_checkin_filter_autocrlf(core_autocrlf):
     return None
 
 
-class BlobNormalizer(object):
+class BlobNormalizer:
     """An object to store computation result of which filter to apply based
     on configuration, gitattributes, path and operation (checkin or checkout)
     """

dulwich/lru_cache.py

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class _LRUNode(Generic[K, V]):
             prev_key = None
         else:
             prev_key = self.prev.key
-        return "%s(%r n:%r p:%r)" % (
+        return "{}({!r} n:{!r} p:{!r})".format(
             self.__class__.__name__,
             self.key,
             self.next_key,

dulwich/mailmap.py

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ def read_mailmap(f):
         yield parsed_canonical_identity, parsed_from_identity
 
 
-class Mailmap(object):
+class Mailmap:
     """Class for accessing a mailmap file."""
 
     def __init__(self, map=None):

dulwich/object_store.py

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ PACKDIR = "pack"
 PACK_MODE = 0o444 if sys.platform != "win32" else 0o644
 
 
-class BaseObjectStore(object):
+class BaseObjectStore:
     """Object store interface."""
 
     def determine_wants_all(
@@ -477,8 +477,7 @@ class PackBasedObjectStore(BaseObjectStore):
     def _iter_alternate_objects(self):
         """Iterate over the SHAs of all the objects in alternate stores."""
         for alternate in self.alternates:
-            for alternate_object in alternate:
-                yield alternate_object
+            yield from alternate
 
     def _iter_loose_objects(self):
         """Iterate over the SHAs of all loose objects."""
@@ -539,14 +538,11 @@ class PackBasedObjectStore(BaseObjectStore):
         self._update_pack_cache()
         for pack in self._iter_cached_packs():
             try:
-                for sha in pack:
-                    yield sha
+                yield from pack
             except PackFileDisappeared:
                 pass
-        for sha in self._iter_loose_objects():
-            yield sha
-        for sha in self._iter_alternate_objects():
-            yield sha
+        yield from self._iter_loose_objects()
+        yield from self._iter_alternate_objects()
 
     def contains_loose(self, sha):
         """Check if a particular object is present by SHA1 and is loose.
@@ -571,7 +567,7 @@ class PackBasedObjectStore(BaseObjectStore):
             sha = name
             hexsha = None
         else:
-            raise AssertionError("Invalid object name %r" % (name,))
+            raise AssertionError("Invalid object name {!r}".format(name))
         for pack in self._iter_cached_packs():
             try:
                 return pack.get_raw(sha)
@@ -618,7 +614,7 @@ class DiskObjectStore(PackBasedObjectStore):
           loose_compression_level: zlib compression level for loose objects
           pack_compression_level: zlib compression level for pack objects
         """
-        super(DiskObjectStore, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             pack_compression_level=pack_compression_level
         )
         self.path = path
@@ -628,7 +624,7 @@ class DiskObjectStore(PackBasedObjectStore):
         self.pack_compression_level = pack_compression_level
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "<%s(%r)>" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.path)
+        return "<{}({!r})>".format(self.__class__.__name__, self.path)
 
     @classmethod
     def from_config(cls, path, config):
@@ -956,7 +952,7 @@ class MemoryObjectStore(BaseObjectStore):
     """Object store that keeps all objects in memory."""
 
     def __init__(self):
-        super(MemoryObjectStore, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         self._data = {}
         self.pack_compression_level = -1
 
@@ -966,7 +962,7 @@ class MemoryObjectStore(BaseObjectStore):
         elif len(sha) == 20:
             return sha_to_hex(sha)
         else:
-            raise ValueError("Invalid sha %r" % (sha,))
+            raise ValueError("Invalid sha {!r}".format(sha))
 
     def contains_loose(self, sha):
         """Check if a particular object is present by SHA1 and is loose."""
@@ -1087,7 +1083,7 @@ class MemoryObjectStore(BaseObjectStore):
             commit()
 
 
-class ObjectIterator(object):
+class ObjectIterator:
     """Interface for iterating over objects."""
 
     def iterobjects(self):
@@ -1239,7 +1235,7 @@ def _split_commits_and_tags(obj_store, lst, ignore_unknown=False):
     return (commits, tags, others)
 
 
-class MissingObjectFinder(object):
+class MissingObjectFinder:
     """Find the objects missing from another object store.
 
     Args:
@@ -1313,7 +1309,7 @@ class MissingObjectFinder(object):
         wants = missing_commits.union(missing_tags)
         wants = wants.union(missing_others)
 
-        self.objects_to_send = set([(w, None, False) for w in wants])
+        self.objects_to_send = {(w, None, False) for w in wants}
 
         if progress is None:
             self.progress = lambda x: None
@@ -1354,7 +1350,7 @@ class MissingObjectFinder(object):
     __next__ = next
 
 
-class ObjectStoreGraphWalker(object):
+class ObjectStoreGraphWalker:
     """Graph walker that finds what commits are missing from an object store.
 
     Attributes:
@@ -1380,7 +1376,7 @@ class ObjectStoreGraphWalker(object):
         """Ack that a revision and its ancestors are present in the source."""
         if len(sha) != 40:
             raise ValueError("unexpected sha %r received" % sha)
-        ancestors = set([sha])
+        ancestors = {sha}
 
         # stop if we run out of heads to remove
         while self.heads:

dulwich/objects.py

@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ def check_hexsha(hex, error_msg):
       ObjectFormatException: Raised when the string is not valid
     """
     if not valid_hexsha(hex):
-        raise ObjectFormatException("%s %s" % (error_msg, hex))
+        raise ObjectFormatException("{} {}".format(error_msg, hex))
 
 
 def check_identity(identity: bytes, error_msg: str) -> None:
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ def git_line(*items):
     return b" ".join(items) + b"\n"
 
 
-class FixedSha(object):
+class FixedSha:
     """SHA object that behaves like hashlib's but is given a fixed value."""
 
     __slots__ = ("_hexsha", "_sha")
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ class FixedSha(object):
         return self._hexsha.decode("ascii")
 
 
-class ShaFile(object):
+class ShaFile:
     """A git SHA file."""
 
     __slots__ = ("_chunked_text", "_sha", "_needs_serialization")
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ class ShaFile(object):
         return self.sha().hexdigest().encode("ascii")
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "<%s %s>" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.id)
+        return "<{} {}>".format(self.__class__.__name__, self.id)
 
     def __ne__(self, other):
         """Check whether this object does not match the other."""
@@ -591,7 +591,7 @@ class Blob(ShaFile):
     _chunked_text: List[bytes]
 
     def __init__(self):
-        super(Blob, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         self._chunked_text = []
         self._needs_serialization = False
 
@@ -636,7 +636,7 @@ class Blob(ShaFile):
         Raises:
           ObjectFormatException: if the object is malformed in some way
         """
-        super(Blob, self).check()
+        super().check()
 
     def splitlines(self) -> List[bytes]:
         """Return list of lines in this blob.
@@ -741,7 +741,7 @@ class Tag(ShaFile):
     _tagger: Optional[bytes]
 
     def __init__(self):
-        super(Tag, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         self._tagger = None
         self._tag_time = None
         self._tag_timezone = None
@@ -761,7 +761,7 @@ class Tag(ShaFile):
         Raises:
           ObjectFormatException: if the object is malformed in some way
         """
-        super(Tag, self).check()
+        super().check()
         assert self._chunked_text is not None
         self._check_has_member("_object_sha", "missing object sha")
         self._check_has_member("_object_class", "missing object type")
@@ -1042,7 +1042,7 @@ def pretty_format_tree_entry(name, mode, hexsha, encoding="utf-8"):
         kind = "tree"
     else:
         kind = "blob"
-    return "%04o %s %s\t%s\n" % (
+    return "{:04o} {} {}\t{}\n".format(
         mode,
         kind,
         hexsha.decode("ascii"),
@@ -1067,7 +1067,7 @@ class Tree(ShaFile):
     __slots__ = "_entries"
 
     def __init__(self):
-        super(Tree, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         self._entries = {}
 
     @classmethod
@@ -1144,7 +1144,7 @@ class Tree(ShaFile):
         # TODO: list comprehension is for efficiency in the common (small)
         # case; if memory efficiency in the large case is a concern, use a
         # genexp.
-        self._entries = dict([(n, (m, s)) for n, m, s in parsed_entries])
+        self._entries = {n: (m, s) for n, m, s in parsed_entries}
 
     def check(self):
         """Check this object for internal consistency.
@@ -1152,7 +1152,7 @@ class Tree(ShaFile):
         Raises:
           ObjectFormatException: if the object is malformed in some way
         """
-        super(Tree, self).check()
+        super().check()
         assert self._chunked_text is not None
         last = None
         allowed_modes = (
@@ -1362,7 +1362,7 @@ class Commit(ShaFile):
     )
 
     def __init__(self):
-        super(Commit, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         self._parents = []
         self._encoding = None
         self._mergetag = []
@@ -1407,7 +1407,7 @@ class Commit(ShaFile):
         Raises:
           ObjectFormatException: if the object is malformed in some way
         """
-        super(Commit, self).check()
+        super().check()
         assert self._chunked_text is not None
         self._check_has_member("_tree", "missing tree")
         self._check_has_member("_author", "missing author")
@@ -1540,7 +1540,7 @@ class Commit(ShaFile):
                 chunks[-1] = chunks[-1][:-2]
         for k, v in self.extra:
             if b"\n" in k or b"\n" in v:
-                raise AssertionError("newline in extra data: %r -> %r" % (k, v))
+                raise AssertionError("newline in extra data: {!r} -> {!r}".format(k, v))
             chunks.append(git_line(k, v))
         if self.gpgsig:
             sig_chunks = self.gpgsig.split(b"\n")

dulwich/pack.py

@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ class PackFileDisappeared(Exception):
         self.obj = obj
 
 
-class UnpackedObject(object):
+class UnpackedObject:
     """Class encapsulating an object unpacked from a pack file.
 
     These objects should only be created from within unpack_object. Most
@@ -195,8 +195,8 @@ class UnpackedObject(object):
         return not (self == other)
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        data = ["%s=%r" % (s, getattr(self, s)) for s in self.__slots__]
-        return "%s(%s)" % (self.__class__.__name__, ", ".join(data))
+        data = ["{}={!r}".format(s, getattr(self, s)) for s in self.__slots__]
+        return "{}({})".format(self.__class__.__name__, ", ".join(data))
 
 
 _ZLIB_BUFSIZE = 4096
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ def bisect_find_sha(start, end, sha, unpack_name):
     return None
 
 
-class PackIndex(object):
+class PackIndex:
     """An index in to a packfile.
 
     Given a sha id of an object a pack index can tell you the location in the
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ class FilePackIndex(PackIndex):
         ):
             return False
 
-        return super(FilePackIndex, self).__eq__(other)
+        return super().__eq__(other)
 
     def close(self):
         self._file.close()
@@ -645,7 +645,7 @@ class PackIndex1(FilePackIndex):
     """Version 1 Pack Index file."""
 
     def __init__(self, filename, file=None, contents=None, size=None):
-        super(PackIndex1, self).__init__(filename, file, contents, size)
+        super().__init__(filename, file, contents, size)
         self.version = 1
         self._fan_out_table = self._read_fan_out_table(0)
 
@@ -670,7 +670,7 @@ class PackIndex2(FilePackIndex):
     """Version 2 Pack Index file."""
 
     def __init__(self, filename, file=None, contents=None, size=None):
-        super(PackIndex2, self).__init__(filename, file, contents, size)
+        super().__init__(filename, file, contents, size)
         if self._contents[:4] != b"\377tOc":
             raise AssertionError("Not a v2 pack index file")
         (self.version,) = unpack_from(b">L", self._contents, 4)
@@ -817,14 +817,14 @@ def _compute_object_size(value):
     return chunks_length(obj)
 
 
-class PackStreamReader(object):
+class PackStreamReader:
     """Class to read a pack stream.
 
     The pack is read from a ReceivableProtocol using read() or recv() as
     appropriate.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, read_all, read_some=None, zlib_bufsize=_ZLIB_BUFSIZE):
+    def __init__(self, read_all, read_some=None, zlib_bufsize=_ZLIB_BUFSIZE) -> None:
         self.read_all = read_all
         if read_some is None:
             self.read_some = read_all
@@ -977,13 +977,13 @@ class PackStreamCopier(PackStreamReader):
           delta_iter: Optional DeltaChainIterator to record deltas as we
             read them.
         """
-        super(PackStreamCopier, self).__init__(read_all, read_some=read_some)
+        super().__init__(read_all, read_some=read_some)
         self.outfile = outfile
         self._delta_iter = delta_iter
 
     def _read(self, read, size):
         """Read data from the read callback and write it to the file."""
-        data = super(PackStreamCopier, self)._read(read, size)
+        data = super()._read(read, size)
         self.outfile.write(data)
         return data
 
@@ -1041,7 +1041,7 @@ def compute_file_sha(f, start_ofs=0, end_ofs=0, buffer_size=1 << 16):
     return sha
 
 
-class PackData(object):
+class PackData:
     """The data contained in a packfile.
 
     Pack files can be accessed both sequentially for exploding a pack, and
@@ -1314,7 +1314,7 @@ class PackData(object):
         return (unpacked.pack_type_num, unpacked._obj())
 
 
-class DeltaChainIterator(object):
+class DeltaChainIterator:
     """Abstract iterator over pack data based on delta chains.
 
     Each object in the pack is guaranteed to be inflated exactly once,
@@ -1461,7 +1461,7 @@ class PackInflater(DeltaChainIterator):
         return unpacked.sha_file()
 
 
-class SHA1Reader(object):
+class SHA1Reader:
     """Wrapper for file-like object that remembers the SHA1 of its data."""
 
     def __init__(self, f):
@@ -1485,7 +1485,7 @@ class SHA1Reader(object):
         return self.f.tell()
 
 
-class SHA1Writer(object):
+class SHA1Writer:
     """Wrapper for file-like object that remembers the SHA1 of its data."""
 
     def __init__(self, f):
@@ -1643,7 +1643,7 @@ def write_pack_header(write, num_objects):
         write(chunk)
 
 
-def deltify_pack_objects(objects, window_size=None, reuse_pack=None):
+def deltify_pack_objects(objects, window_size: Optional[int] = None, reuse_pack=None):
     """Generate deltas for pack objects.
 
     Args:
@@ -1770,7 +1770,7 @@ def write_pack_objects(
     )
 
 
-class PackChunkGenerator(object):
+class PackChunkGenerator:
 
     def __init__(self, num_records=None, records=None, progress=None, compression_level=-1):
         self.cs = sha1(b"")
@@ -2073,7 +2073,7 @@ def write_pack_index_v2(f, entries, pack_checksum):
 write_pack_index = write_pack_index_v2
 
 
-class _PackTupleIterable(object):
+class _PackTupleIterable:
     """Helper for Pack.pack_tuples."""
 
     def __init__(self, iterobjects, length):
@@ -2087,7 +2087,7 @@ class _PackTupleIterable(object):
         return ((o, None) for o in self._iterobjects())
 
 
-class Pack(object):
+class Pack:
     """A Git pack object."""
 
     _data_load: Optional[Callable[[], PackData]]
@@ -2171,7 +2171,7 @@ class Pack(object):
         return len(self.index)
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "%s(%r)" % (self.__class__.__name__, self._basename)
+        return "{}({!r})".format(self.__class__.__name__, self._basename)
 
     def __iter__(self):
         """Iterate over all the sha1s of the objects in this pack."""

dulwich/patch.py

@@ -109,10 +109,10 @@ def _format_range_unified(start, stop):
     beginning = start + 1  # lines start numbering with one
     length = stop - start
     if length == 1:
-        return "{}".format(beginning)
+        return f"{beginning}"
     if not length:
         beginning -= 1  # empty ranges begin at line just before the range
-    return "{},{}".format(beginning, length)
+    return f"{beginning},{length}"
 
 
 def unified_diff(
@@ -136,8 +136,8 @@ def unified_diff(
     for group in SequenceMatcher(None, a, b).get_grouped_opcodes(n):
         if not started:
             started = True
-            fromdate = "\t{}".format(fromfiledate) if fromfiledate else ""
-            todate = "\t{}".format(tofiledate) if tofiledate else ""
+            fromdate = f"\t{fromfiledate}" if fromfiledate else ""
+            todate = f"\t{tofiledate}" if tofiledate else ""
             yield "--- {}{}{}".format(
                 fromfile.decode(tree_encoding), fromdate, lineterm
             ).encode(output_encoding)
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ def unified_diff(
         first, last = group[0], group[-1]
         file1_range = _format_range_unified(first[1], last[2])
         file2_range = _format_range_unified(first[3], last[4])
-        yield "@@ -{} +{} @@{}".format(file1_range, file2_range, lineterm).encode(
+        yield f"@@ -{file1_range} +{file2_range} @@{lineterm}".encode(
             output_encoding
         )
 

dulwich/porcelain.py

@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ class Error(Exception):
     """Porcelain-based error. """
 
     def __init__(self, msg):
-        super(Error, self).__init__(msg)
+        super().__init__(msg)
 
 
 class RemoteExists(Error):
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ def remove(repo=".", paths=None, cached=False):
                 else:
                     try:
                         blob = blob_from_path_and_stat(full_path, st)
-                    except IOError:
+                    except OSError:
                         pass
                     else:
                         try:
@@ -2036,10 +2036,10 @@ def describe(repo, abbrev=7):
         for key, value in refs.items():
             key = key.decode()
             obj = r.get_object(value)
-            if u"tags" not in key:
+            if "tags" not in key:
                 continue
 
-            _, tag = key.rsplit(u"/", 1)
+            _, tag = key.rsplit("/", 1)
 
             try:
                 commit = obj.object
@@ -2056,7 +2056,7 @@ def describe(repo, abbrev=7):
 
         # If there are no tags, return the current commit
         if len(sorted_tags) == 0:
-            return "g{}".format(find_unique_abbrev(r.object_store, r[r.head()].id))
+            return f"g{find_unique_abbrev(r.object_store, r[r.head()].id)}"
 
         # We're now 0 commits from the top
         commit_count = 0

dulwich/protocol.py

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ from io import BytesIO
 from os import (
     SEEK_END,
 )
-import socket
 
 import dulwich
 from dulwich.errors import (
@@ -171,7 +170,7 @@ def pkt_line(data):
     return ("%04x" % (len(data) + 4)).encode("ascii") + data
 
 
-class Protocol(object):
+class Protocol:
     """Class for interacting with a remote git process over the wire.
 
     Parts of the git wire protocol use 'pkt-lines' to communicate. A pkt-line
@@ -228,7 +227,7 @@ class Protocol(object):
             pkt_contents = read(size - 4)
         except ConnectionResetError as exc:
             raise HangupException() from exc
-        except socket.error as exc:
+        except OSError as exc:
             raise GitProtocolError(exc) from exc
         else:
             if len(pkt_contents) + 4 != size:
@@ -291,7 +290,7 @@ class Protocol(object):
             self.write(line)
             if self.report_activity:
                 self.report_activity(len(line), "write")
-        except socket.error as exc:
+        except OSError as exc:
             raise GitProtocolError(exc) from exc
 
     def write_sideband(self, channel, blob):
@@ -348,7 +347,7 @@ class ReceivableProtocol(Protocol):
     def __init__(
         self, recv, write, close=None, report_activity=None, rbufsize=_RBUFSIZE
     ):
-        super(ReceivableProtocol, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             self.read, write, close=close, report_activity=report_activity
         )
         self._recv = recv
@@ -480,7 +479,7 @@ def ack_type(capabilities):
     return SINGLE_ACK
 
 
-class BufferedPktLineWriter(object):
+class BufferedPktLineWriter:
     """Writer that wraps its data in pkt-lines and has an independent buffer.
 
     Consecutive calls to write() wrap the data in a pkt-line and then buffers
@@ -524,7 +523,7 @@ class BufferedPktLineWriter(object):
         self._wbuf = BytesIO()
 
 
-class PktLineParser(object):
+class PktLineParser:
     """Packet line parser that hands completed packets off to a callback."""
 
     def __init__(self, handle_pkt):

dulwich/refs.py

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ def check_ref_format(refname: Ref):
     return True
 
 
-class RefsContainer(object):
+class RefsContainer:
     """A container for refs."""
 
     def __init__(self, logger=None):
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ class DictRefsContainer(RefsContainer):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, refs, logger=None):
-        super(DictRefsContainer, self).__init__(logger=logger)
+        super().__init__(logger=logger)
         self._refs = refs
         self._peeled = {}
         self._watchers = set()
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ class DiskRefsContainer(RefsContainer):
     """Refs container that reads refs from disk."""
 
     def __init__(self, path, worktree_path=None, logger=None):
-        super(DiskRefsContainer, self).__init__(logger=logger)
+        super().__init__(logger=logger)
         if getattr(path, "encode", None) is not None:
             path = os.fsencode(path)
         self.path = path
@@ -635,7 +635,7 @@ class DiskRefsContainer(RefsContainer):
         self._peeled_refs = None
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "%s(%r)" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.path)
+        return "{}({!r})".format(self.__class__.__name__, self.path)
 
     def subkeys(self, base):
         subkeys = set()
@@ -911,12 +911,12 @@ class DiskRefsContainer(RefsContainer):
                     if orig_ref != old_ref:
                         f.abort()
                         return False
-                except (OSError, IOError):
+                except OSError:
                     f.abort()
                     raise
             try:
                 f.write(new_ref + b"\n")
-            except (OSError, IOError):
+            except OSError:
                 f.abort()
                 raise
             self._log(
@@ -966,7 +966,7 @@ class DiskRefsContainer(RefsContainer):
                 return False
             try:
                 f.write(ref + b"\n")
-            except (OSError, IOError):
+            except OSError:
                 f.abort()
                 raise
             else:

dulwich/repo.py

@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ def _get_default_identity() -> Tuple[str, str]:
         fullname = username
     email = os.environ.get("EMAIL")
     if email is None:
-        email = "{}@{}".format(username, socket.gethostname())
+        email = f"{username}@{socket.gethostname()}"
     return (fullname, email)  # type: ignore
 
 
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ def _set_filesystem_hidden(path):
     # Could implement other platform specific filesystem hiding here
 
 
-class ParentsProvider(object):
+class ParentsProvider:
     def __init__(self, store, grafts={}, shallows=[]):
         self.store = store
         self.grafts = grafts
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ class ParentsProvider(object):
         return commit.parents
 
 
-class BaseRepo(object):
+class BaseRepo:
     """Base class for a git repository.
 
     This base class is meant to be used for Repository implementations that e.g.
@@ -642,7 +642,7 @@ class BaseRepo(object):
                 raise NotTagError(ret)
             else:
                 raise Exception(
-                    "Type invalid: %r != %r" % (ret.type_name, cls.type_name)
+                    "Type invalid: {!r} != {!r}".format(ret.type_name, cls.type_name)
                 )
         return ret
 
@@ -1133,7 +1133,7 @@ class Repo(BaseRepo):
         self.bare = bare
         if bare is False:
             if os.path.isfile(hidden_path):
-                with open(hidden_path, "r") as f:
+                with open(hidden_path) as f:
                     path = read_gitfile(f)
                 self._controldir = os.path.join(root, path)
             else:

dulwich/server.py

@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ from dulwich.repo import (
 logger = log_utils.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-class Backend(object):
+class Backend:
     """A backend for the Git smart server implementation."""
 
     def open_repository(self, path):
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ class Backend(object):
         raise NotImplementedError(self.open_repository)
 
 
-class BackendRepo(object):
+class BackendRepo:
     """Repository abstraction used by the Git server.
 
     The methods required here are a subset of those provided by
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ class FileSystemBackend(Backend):
     """Simple backend looking up Git repositories in the local file system."""
 
     def __init__(self, root=os.sep):
-        super(FileSystemBackend, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         self.root = (os.path.abspath(root) + os.sep).replace(os.sep * 2, os.sep)
 
     def open_repository(self, path):
@@ -212,11 +212,11 @@ class FileSystemBackend(Backend):
         normcase_abspath = os.path.normcase(abspath)
         normcase_root = os.path.normcase(self.root)
         if not normcase_abspath.startswith(normcase_root):
-            raise NotGitRepository("Path %r not inside root %r" % (path, self.root))
+            raise NotGitRepository("Path {!r} not inside root {!r}".format(path, self.root))
         return Repo(abspath)
 
 
-class Handler(object):
+class Handler:
     """Smart protocol command handler base class."""
 
     def __init__(self, backend, proto, stateless_rpc=False):
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ class PackHandler(Handler):
     """Protocol handler for packs."""
 
     def __init__(self, backend, proto, stateless_rpc=False):
-        super(PackHandler, self).__init__(backend, proto, stateless_rpc)
+        super().__init__(backend, proto, stateless_rpc)
         self._client_capabilities = None
         # Flags needed for the no-done capability
         self._done_received = False
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ class UploadPackHandler(PackHandler):
     """Protocol handler for uploading a pack to the client."""
 
     def __init__(self, backend, args, proto, stateless_rpc=False, advertise_refs=False):
-        super(UploadPackHandler, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             backend, proto, stateless_rpc=stateless_rpc
         )
         self.repo = backend.open_repository(args[0])
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ def _find_shallow(store, heads, depth):
 def _want_satisfied(store, haves, want, earliest):
     o = store[want]
     pending = collections.deque([o])
-    known = set([want])
+    known = {want}
     while pending:
         commit = pending.popleft()
         if commit.id in haves:
@@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ def _all_wants_satisfied(store, haves, wants):
     return True
 
 
-class _ProtocolGraphWalker(object):
+class _ProtocolGraphWalker:
     """A graph walker that knows the git protocol.
 
     As a graph walker, this class implements ack(), next(), and reset(). It
@@ -752,7 +752,7 @@ class _ProtocolGraphWalker(object):
 _GRAPH_WALKER_COMMANDS = (COMMAND_HAVE, COMMAND_DONE, None)
 
 
-class SingleAckGraphWalkerImpl(object):
+class SingleAckGraphWalkerImpl:
     """Graph walker implementation that speaks the single-ack protocol."""
 
     def __init__(self, walker):
@@ -796,7 +796,7 @@ class SingleAckGraphWalkerImpl(object):
         return True
 
 
-class MultiAckGraphWalkerImpl(object):
+class MultiAckGraphWalkerImpl:
     """Graph walker implementation that speaks the multi-ack protocol."""
 
     def __init__(self, walker):
@@ -855,7 +855,7 @@ class MultiAckGraphWalkerImpl(object):
         return True
 
 
-class MultiAckDetailedGraphWalkerImpl(object):
+class MultiAckDetailedGraphWalkerImpl:
     """Graph walker implementation speaking the multi-ack-detailed protocol."""
 
     def __init__(self, walker):
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ class ReceivePackHandler(PackHandler):
     """Protocol handler for downloading a pack from the client."""
 
     def __init__(self, backend, args, proto, stateless_rpc=False, advertise_refs=False):
-        super(ReceivePackHandler, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             backend, proto, stateless_rpc=stateless_rpc
         )
         self.repo = backend.open_repository(args[0])
@@ -1088,7 +1088,7 @@ class ReceivePackHandler(PackHandler):
 
 class UploadArchiveHandler(Handler):
     def __init__(self, backend, args, proto, stateless_rpc=False):
-        super(UploadArchiveHandler, self).__init__(backend, proto, stateless_rpc)
+        super().__init__(backend, proto, stateless_rpc)
         self.repo = backend.open_repository(args[0])
 
     def handle(self):

dulwich/stash.py

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 
 """Stash handling."""
 
-from __future__ import absolute_import
 
 import os
 
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@ from dulwich.reflog import drop_reflog_entry, read_reflog
 DEFAULT_STASH_REF = b"refs/stash"
 
 
-class Stash(object):
+class Stash:
     """A Git stash.
 
     Note that this doesn't currently update the working tree.

dulwich/tests/__init__.py

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ from unittest import (  # noqa: F401
 
 class TestCase(_TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(TestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.overrideEnv("HOME", "/nonexistent")
         self.overrideEnv("GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM", "1")
 

dulwich/tests/compat/server_utils.py

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ from dulwich.tests.compat.utils import (
 from dulwich.tests.compat.utils import require_git_version
 
 
-class _StubRepo(object):
+class _StubRepo:
     """A stub repo that just contains a path to tear down."""
 
     def __init__(self, name):
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ def _get_shallow(repo):
     return shallows
 
 
-class ServerTests(object):
+class ServerTests:
     """Base tests for testing servers.
 
     Does not inherit from TestCase so tests are not automatically run.
@@ -87,12 +87,12 @@ class ServerTests(object):
         self._new_repo = self.import_repo("server_new.export")
 
     def url(self, port):
-        return "%s://localhost:%s/" % (self.protocol, port)
+        return "{}://localhost:{}/".format(self.protocol, port)
 
     def branch_args(self, branches=None):
         if branches is None:
             branches = ["master", "branch"]
-        return ["%s:%s" % (b, b) for b in branches]
+        return ["{}:{}".format(b, b) for b in branches]
 
     def test_push_to_dulwich(self):
         self.import_repos()

dulwich/tests/compat/test_client.py

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ if sys.platform == "win32":
     import ctypes
 
 
-class DulwichClientTestBase(object):
+class DulwichClientTestBase:
     """Tests for client/server compatibility."""
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -248,12 +248,10 @@ class DulwichClientTestBase(object):
                 dest.refs.set_if_equals(r[0], None, r[1])
             self.assertEqual(
                 dest.get_shallow(),
-                set(
-                    [
-                        b"35e0b59e187dd72a0af294aedffc213eaa4d03ff",
-                        b"514dc6d3fbfe77361bcaef320c4d21b72bc10be9",
-                    ]
-                ),
+                {
+                    b"35e0b59e187dd72a0af294aedffc213eaa4d03ff",
+                    b"514dc6d3fbfe77361bcaef320c4d21b72bc10be9",
+                },
             )
 
     def test_repeat(self):
@@ -409,7 +407,7 @@ class DulwichTCPClientTest(CompatTestCase, DulwichClientTestBase):
             try:
                 os.kill(pid, signal.SIGKILL)
                 os.unlink(self.pidfile)
-            except (OSError, IOError):
+            except OSError:
                 pass
         self.process.wait()
         self.process.stdout.close()
@@ -435,7 +433,7 @@ class DulwichTCPClientTest(CompatTestCase, DulwichClientTestBase):
         self.skipTest('skip flaky test; see #1015')
 
 
-class TestSSHVendor(object):
+class TestSSHVendor:
     @staticmethod
     def run_command(
         host,
@@ -648,7 +646,7 @@ class HTTPGitServer(http.server.HTTPServer):
         self.server_name = "localhost"
 
     def get_url(self):
-        return "http://%s:%s/" % (self.server_name, self.server_port)
+        return "http://{}:{}/".format(self.server_name, self.server_port)
 
 
 class DulwichHttpClientTest(CompatTestCase, DulwichClientTestBase):

dulwich/tests/compat/test_pack.py

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ class TestPack(PackTests):
 
     def setUp(self):
         require_git_version((1, 5, 0))
-        super(TestPack, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._tempdir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
         self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, self._tempdir)
 

dulwich/tests/compat/test_patch.py

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ from dulwich.tests.compat.utils import (
 
 class CompatPatchTestCase(CompatTestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(CompatPatchTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.test_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
         self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, self.test_dir)
         self.repo_path = os.path.join(self.test_dir, "repo")

dulwich/tests/compat/test_porcelain.py

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ from dulwich.tests.test_porcelain import (
 @skipIf(platform.python_implementation() == "PyPy" or sys.platform == "win32", "gpgme not easily available or supported on Windows and PyPy")
 class TagCreateSignTestCase(PorcelainGpgTestCase, CompatTestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(TagCreateSignTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
 
     def test_sign(self):
         # Test that dulwich signatures can be verified by CGit
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class TagCreateSignTestCase(PorcelainGpgTestCase, CompatTestCase):
 
         run_git_or_fail(
             [
-                "--git-dir={}".format(self.repo.controldir()),
+                f"--git-dir={self.repo.controldir()}",
                 "tag",
                 "-v",
                 "tryme"
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ class TagCreateSignTestCase(PorcelainGpgTestCase, CompatTestCase):
 
         run_git_or_fail(
             [
-                "--git-dir={}".format(self.repo.controldir()),
+                f"--git-dir={self.repo.controldir()}",
                 "tag",
                 "-u",
                 PorcelainGpgTestCase.DEFAULT_KEY_ID,

dulwich/tests/compat/test_repository.py

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class ObjectStoreTestCase(CompatTestCase):
     """Tests for git repository compatibility."""
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(ObjectStoreTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._repo = self.import_repo("server_new.export")
 
     def _run_git(self, args):
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ class WorkingTreeTestCase(ObjectStoreTestCase):
         return temp_dir
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(WorkingTreeTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._worktree_path = self.create_new_worktree(self._repo.path, "branch")
         self._worktree_repo = Repo(self._worktree_path)
         self.addCleanup(self._worktree_repo.close)
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ class WorkingTreeTestCase(ObjectStoreTestCase):
         self._repo = self._worktree_repo
 
     def test_refs(self):
-        super(WorkingTreeTestCase, self).test_refs()
+        super().test_refs()
         self.assertEqual(
             self._mainworktree_repo.refs.allkeys(), self._repo.refs.allkeys()
         )
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ class InitNewWorkingDirectoryTestCase(WorkingTreeTestCase):
     min_git_version = (2, 5, 0)
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(InitNewWorkingDirectoryTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._other_worktree = self._repo
         worktree_repo_path = tempfile.mkdtemp()
         self.addCleanup(rmtree_ro, worktree_repo_path)

dulwich/tests/compat/test_server.py

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ class GitServerSideBand64kTestCase(GitServerTestCase):
     min_git_version = (1, 7, 0, 2)
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(GitServerSideBand64kTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         # side-band-64k is broken in the windows client.
         # https://github.com/msysgit/git/issues/101
         # Fix has landed for the 1.9.3 release.

dulwich/tests/compat/test_utils.py

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ from dulwich.tests.compat import utils
 
 class GitVersionTests(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(GitVersionTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._orig_run_git = utils.run_git
         self._version_str = None  # tests can override to set stub version
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class GitVersionTests(TestCase):
         utils.run_git = run_git
 
     def tearDown(self):
-        super(GitVersionTests, self).tearDown()
+        super().tearDown()
         utils.run_git = self._orig_run_git
 
     def test_git_version_none(self):

dulwich/tests/compat/test_web.py

@@ -135,10 +135,10 @@ class SmartWebSideBand64kTestCase(SmartWebTestCase):
     def setUp(self):
         self.o_uph_cap = patch_capabilities(UploadPackHandler, (b"no-done",))
         self.o_rph_cap = patch_capabilities(ReceivePackHandler, (b"no-done",))
-        super(SmartWebSideBand64kTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
 
     def tearDown(self):
-        super(SmartWebSideBand64kTestCase, self).tearDown()
+        super().tearDown()
         UploadPackHandler.capabilities = self.o_uph_cap
         ReceivePackHandler.capabilities = self.o_rph_cap
 

dulwich/tests/compat/utils.py

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def require_git_version(required_version, git_path=_DEFAULT_GIT):
     found_version = git_version(git_path=git_path)
     if found_version is None:
         raise SkipTest(
-            "Test requires git >= %s, but c git not found" % (required_version,)
+            "Test requires git >= {}, but c git not found".format(required_version)
         )
 
     if len(required_version) > _VERSION_LEN:
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ def require_git_version(required_version, git_path=_DEFAULT_GIT):
         required_version = ".".join(map(str, required_version))
         found_version = ".".join(map(str, found_version))
         raise SkipTest(
-            "Test requires git >= %s, found %s" % (required_version, found_version)
+            "Test requires git >= {}, found {}".format(required_version, found_version)
         )
 
 
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ def check_for_daemon(limit=10, delay=0.1, timeout=0.1, port=TCP_GIT_PORT):
             return True
         except socket.timeout:
             pass
-        except socket.error as e:
+        except OSError as e:
             if getattr(e, "errno", False) and e.errno != errno.ECONNREFUSED:
                 raise
             elif e.args[0] != errno.ECONNREFUSED:
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ class CompatTestCase(TestCase):
     min_git_version: Tuple[int, ...] = (1, 5, 0)
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(CompatTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         require_git_version(self.min_git_version)
 
     def assertObjectStoreEqual(self, store1, store2):

dulwich/tests/test_archive.py

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class ArchiveTests(TestCase):
         b1 = Blob.from_string(b"somedata")
         store.add_object(b1)
         t1 = Tree()
-        t1.add("ő".encode('utf-8'), 0o100644, b1.id)
+        t1.add("ő".encode(), 0o100644, b1.id)
         store.add_object(t1)
         stream = b"".join(tar_stream(store, t1, mtime=0))
         tf = tarfile.TarFile(fileobj=BytesIO(stream))

dulwich/tests/test_blackbox.py

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class GitReceivePackTests(BlackboxTestCase):
     """Blackbox tests for dul-receive-pack."""
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(GitReceivePackTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.path = tempfile.mkdtemp()
         self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, self.path)
         self.repo = Repo.init(self.path)
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ class GitUploadPackTests(BlackboxTestCase):
     """Blackbox tests for dul-upload-pack."""
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(GitUploadPackTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.path = tempfile.mkdtemp()
         self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, self.path)
         self.repo = Repo.init(self.path)

dulwich/tests/test_client.py

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ class DummyPopen:
 # TODO(durin42): add unit-level tests of GitClient
 class GitClientTests(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(GitClientTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.rout = BytesIO()
         self.rin = BytesIO()
         self.client = DummyClient(lambda x: True, self.rin.read, self.rout.write)
@@ -126,29 +126,25 @@ class GitClientTests(TestCase):
     def test_caps(self):
         agent_cap = ("agent=dulwich/%d.%d.%d" % dulwich.__version__).encode("ascii")
         self.assertEqual(
-            set(
-                [
-                    b"multi_ack",
-                    b"side-band-64k",
-                    b"ofs-delta",
-                    b"thin-pack",
-                    b"multi_ack_detailed",
-                    b"shallow",
-                    agent_cap,
-                ]
-            ),
+            {
+                b"multi_ack",
+                b"side-band-64k",
+                b"ofs-delta",
+                b"thin-pack",
+                b"multi_ack_detailed",
+                b"shallow",
+                agent_cap,
+            },
             set(self.client._fetch_capabilities),
         )
         self.assertEqual(
-            set(
-                [
-                    b"delete-refs",
-                    b"ofs-delta",
-                    b"report-status",
-                    b"side-band-64k",
-                    agent_cap,
-                ]
-            ),
+            {
+                b"delete-refs",
+                b"ofs-delta",
+                b"report-status",
+                b"side-band-64k",
+                agent_cap,
+            },
             set(self.client._send_capabilities),
         )
 
@@ -720,7 +716,7 @@ class TestGetTransportAndPathFromUrl(TestCase):
                     c, path = get_transport_and_path(remote_url)
 
 
-class TestSSHVendor(object):
+class TestSSHVendor:
     def __init__(self):
         self.host = None
         self.command = ""
@@ -759,7 +755,7 @@ class TestSSHVendor(object):
 
 class SSHGitClientTests(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(SSHGitClientTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
 
         self.server = TestSSHVendor()
         self.real_vendor = client.get_ssh_vendor
@@ -768,7 +764,7 @@ class SSHGitClientTests(TestCase):
         self.client = SSHGitClient("git.samba.org")
 
     def tearDown(self):
-        super(SSHGitClientTests, self).tearDown()
+        super().tearDown()
         client.get_ssh_vendor = self.real_vendor
 
     def test_get_url(self):
@@ -1013,7 +1009,7 @@ class HttpGitClientTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual("passwd", c._password)
 
         basic_auth = c.pool_manager.headers["authorization"]
-        auth_string = "%s:%s" % ("user", "passwd")
+        auth_string = "{}:{}".format("user", "passwd")
         b64_credentials = base64.b64encode(auth_string.encode("latin1"))
         expected_basic_auth = "Basic %s" % b64_credentials.decode("latin1")
         self.assertEqual(basic_auth, expected_basic_auth)
@@ -1069,7 +1065,7 @@ class HttpGitClientTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(original_password, c._password)
 
         basic_auth = c.pool_manager.headers["authorization"]
-        auth_string = "%s:%s" % (original_username, original_password)
+        auth_string = "{}:{}".format(original_username, original_password)
         b64_credentials = base64.b64encode(auth_string.encode("latin1"))
         expected_basic_auth = "Basic %s" % b64_credentials.decode("latin1")
         self.assertEqual(basic_auth, expected_basic_auth)
@@ -1527,7 +1523,7 @@ class PLinkSSHVendorTests(TestCase):
                 break
         else:
             raise AssertionError(
-                "Expected warning %r not in %r" % (expected_warning, warnings_list)
+                "Expected warning {!r} not in {!r}".format(expected_warning, warnings_list)
             )
 
         args = command.proc.args
@@ -1572,7 +1568,7 @@ class PLinkSSHVendorTests(TestCase):
                 break
         else:
             raise AssertionError(
-                "Expected warning %r not in %r" % (expected_warning, warnings_list)
+                "Expected warning {!r} not in {!r}".format(expected_warning, warnings_list)
             )
 
         args = command.proc.args

dulwich/tests/test_diff_tree.py

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ from dulwich.tests.utils import (
 
 class DiffTestCase(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(DiffTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.store = MemoryObjectStore()
         self.empty_tree = self.commit_tree([])
 
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ class DiffTestCase(TestCase):
 
 class TreeChangesTest(DiffTestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(TreeChangesTest, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.detector = RenameDetector(self.store)
 
     def assertMergeFails(self, merge_entries, name, mode, sha):
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ class RenameDetectionTest(DiffTestCase):
 
         block_cache = {}
         self.assertEqual(50, _similarity_score(blob1, blob2, block_cache=block_cache))
-        self.assertEqual(set([blob1.id, blob2.id]), set(block_cache))
+        self.assertEqual({blob1.id, blob2.id}, set(block_cache))
 
         def fail_chunks():
             self.fail("Unexpected call to as_raw_chunks()")

dulwich/tests/test_fastexport.py

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class GitFastExporterTests(TestCase):
     """Tests for the GitFastExporter tests."""
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(GitFastExporterTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.store = MemoryObjectStore()
         self.stream = BytesIO()
         try:
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ class GitImportProcessorTests(TestCase):
     """Tests for the GitImportProcessor tests."""
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(GitImportProcessorTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.repo = MemoryRepo()
         try:
             from dulwich.fastexport import GitImportProcessor

dulwich/tests/test_file.py

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ from dulwich.tests import (
 
 class FancyRenameTests(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(FancyRenameTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._tempdir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
         self.foo = self.path("foo")
         self.bar = self.path("bar")
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class FancyRenameTests(TestCase):
 
     def tearDown(self):
         shutil.rmtree(self._tempdir)
-        super(FancyRenameTests, self).tearDown()
+        super().tearDown()
 
     def path(self, filename):
         return os.path.join(self._tempdir, filename)
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ class FancyRenameTests(TestCase):
 
 class GitFileTests(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(GitFileTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._tempdir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
         f = open(self.path("foo"), "wb")
         f.write(b"foo contents")
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ class GitFileTests(TestCase):
 
     def tearDown(self):
         shutil.rmtree(self._tempdir)
-        super(GitFileTests, self).tearDown()
+        super().tearDown()
 
     def path(self, filename):
         return os.path.join(self._tempdir, filename)
@@ -191,14 +191,14 @@ class GitFileTests(TestCase):
         f.abort()
         try:
             f.close()
-        except (IOError, OSError):
+        except OSError:
             self.fail()
 
         f = GitFile(foo, "wb")
         f.close()
         try:
             f.abort()
-        except (IOError, OSError):
+        except OSError:
             self.fail()
 
     def test_abort_close_removed(self):

dulwich/tests/test_grafts.py

@@ -104,9 +104,9 @@ class GraftSerializerTests(TestCase):
         )
 
 
-class GraftsInRepositoryBase(object):
+class GraftsInRepositoryBase:
     def tearDown(self):
-        super(GraftsInRepositoryBase, self).tearDown()
+        super().tearDown()
 
     def get_repo_with_grafts(self, grafts):
         r = self._repo
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ class GraftsInRepositoryBase(object):
 
 class GraftsInRepoTests(GraftsInRepositoryBase, TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(GraftsInRepoTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._repo_dir = os.path.join(tempfile.mkdtemp())
         r = self._repo = Repo.init(self._repo_dir)
         self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, self._repo_dir)
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ class GraftsInRepoTests(GraftsInRepositoryBase, TestCase):
 
 class GraftsInMemoryRepoTests(GraftsInRepositoryBase, TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(GraftsInMemoryRepoTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         r = self._repo = MemoryRepo()
 
         self._shas = []

dulwich/tests/test_graph.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # test_index.py -- Tests for merge
 # encoding: utf-8
 # Copyright (c) 2020 Kevin B. Hendricks, Stratford Ontario Canada
@@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ class FindMergeBaseTests(TestCase):
             "1": [],
             "0": [],
         }
-        self.assertEqual(self.run_test(graph, ["4", "5"]), set(["1", "2"]))
+        self.assertEqual(self.run_test(graph, ["4", "5"]), {"1", "2"})
 
     def test_no_common_ancestor(self):
         # no common ancestor
@@ -59,7 +58,7 @@ class FindMergeBaseTests(TestCase):
             "1": ["0"],
             "0": [],
         }
-        self.assertEqual(self.run_test(graph, ["4", "3"]), set([]))
+        self.assertEqual(self.run_test(graph, ["4", "3"]), set())
 
     def test_ancestor(self):
         # ancestor
@@ -72,7 +71,7 @@ class FindMergeBaseTests(TestCase):
             "B": ["A"],
             "A": [],
         }
-        self.assertEqual(self.run_test(graph, ["D", "C"]), set(["C"]))
+        self.assertEqual(self.run_test(graph, ["D", "C"]), {"C"})
 
     def test_direct_parent(self):
         # parent
@@ -85,7 +84,7 @@ class FindMergeBaseTests(TestCase):
             "B": ["A"],
             "A": [],
         }
-        self.assertEqual(self.run_test(graph, ["G", "D"]), set(["D"]))
+        self.assertEqual(self.run_test(graph, ["G", "D"]), {"D"})
 
     def test_another_crossover(self):
         # Another cross over
@@ -98,7 +97,7 @@ class FindMergeBaseTests(TestCase):
             "B": ["A"],
             "A": [],
         }
-        self.assertEqual(self.run_test(graph, ["D", "F"]), set(["E", "C"]))
+        self.assertEqual(self.run_test(graph, ["D", "F"]), {"E", "C"})
 
     def test_three_way_merge_lca(self):
         # three way merge commit straight from git docs
@@ -121,7 +120,7 @@ class FindMergeBaseTests(TestCase):
         }
         # assumes a theoretical merge M exists that merges B and C first
         # which actually means find the first LCA from either of B OR C with A
-        self.assertEqual(self.run_test(graph, ["A", "B", "C"]), set(["1"]))
+        self.assertEqual(self.run_test(graph, ["A", "B", "C"]), {"1"})
 
     def test_octopus(self):
         # octopus algorithm test
@@ -156,7 +155,7 @@ class FindMergeBaseTests(TestCase):
                 res = _find_lcas(lookup_parents, cmt, [ca])
                 next_lcas.extend(res)
             lcas = next_lcas[:]
-        self.assertEqual(set(lcas), set(["2"]))
+        self.assertEqual(set(lcas), {"2"})
 
 
 class CanFastForwardTests(TestCase):

dulwich/tests/test_greenthreads.py

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ def init_store(store, count=1):
 @skipIf(not gevent_support, skipmsg)
 class TestGreenThreadsObjectStoreIterator(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(TestGreenThreadsObjectStoreIterator, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.store = MemoryObjectStore()
         self.cmt_amount = 10
         self.objs = init_store(self.store, self.cmt_amount)
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ class TestGreenThreadsObjectStoreIterator(TestCase):
 @skipIf(not gevent_support, skipmsg)
 class TestGreenThreadsMissingObjectFinder(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(TestGreenThreadsMissingObjectFinder, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.store = MemoryObjectStore()
         self.cmt_amount = 10
         self.objs = init_store(self.store, self.cmt_amount)

dulwich/tests/test_hooks.py

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ from dulwich.tests import TestCase
 
 class ShellHookTests(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(ShellHookTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         if os.name != "posix":
             self.skipTest("shell hook tests requires POSIX shell")
         self.assertTrue(os.path.exists("/bin/sh"))

dulwich/tests/test_ignore.py

@@ -133,14 +133,14 @@ class MatchPatternTests(TestCase):
         for (path, pattern) in POSITIVE_MATCH_TESTS:
             self.assertTrue(
                 match_pattern(path, pattern),
-                "path: %r, pattern: %r" % (path, pattern),
+                "path: {!r}, pattern: {!r}".format(path, pattern),
             )
 
     def test_no_matches(self):
         for (path, pattern) in NEGATIVE_MATCH_TESTS:
             self.assertFalse(
                 match_pattern(path, pattern),
-                "path: %r, pattern: %r" % (path, pattern),
+                "path: {!r}, pattern: {!r}".format(path, pattern),
             )
 
 

dulwich/tests/test_index.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # test_index.py -- Tests for the git index
 # encoding: utf-8
 # Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Jelmer Vernooij <jelmer@jelmer.uk>
@@ -203,7 +202,7 @@ class ReadIndexDictTests(IndexTestCase):
 
 class CommitTreeTests(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(CommitTreeTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.store = MemoryObjectStore()
 
     def test_single_blob(self):
@@ -214,7 +213,7 @@ class CommitTreeTests(TestCase):
         rootid = commit_tree(self.store, blobs)
         self.assertEqual(rootid, b"1a1e80437220f9312e855c37ac4398b68e5c1d50")
         self.assertEqual((stat.S_IFREG, blob.id), self.store[rootid][b"bla"])
-        self.assertEqual(set([rootid, blob.id]), set(self.store._data.keys()))
+        self.assertEqual({rootid, blob.id}, set(self.store._data.keys()))
 
     def test_nested(self):
         blob = Blob()
@@ -227,12 +226,12 @@ class CommitTreeTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(dirid, b"c1a1deb9788150829579a8b4efa6311e7b638650")
         self.assertEqual((stat.S_IFDIR, dirid), self.store[rootid][b"bla"])
         self.assertEqual((stat.S_IFREG, blob.id), self.store[dirid][b"bar"])
-        self.assertEqual(set([rootid, dirid, blob.id]), set(self.store._data.keys()))
+        self.assertEqual({rootid, dirid, blob.id}, set(self.store._data.keys()))
 
 
 class CleanupModeTests(TestCase):
     def assertModeEqual(self, expected, got):
-        self.assertEqual(expected, got, "%o != %o" % (expected, got))
+        self.assertEqual(expected, got, "{:o} != {:o}".format(expected, got))
 
     def test_file(self):
         self.assertModeEqual(0o100644, cleanup_mode(0o100000))
@@ -547,9 +546,9 @@ class BuildIndexTests(TestCase):
             file = Blob.from_string(b"foo")
 
             tree = Tree()
-            latin1_name = u"À".encode("latin1")
+            latin1_name = "À".encode("latin1")
             latin1_path = os.path.join(repo_dir_bytes, latin1_name)
-            utf8_name = u"À".encode("utf8")
+            utf8_name = "À".encode()
             utf8_path = os.path.join(repo_dir_bytes, utf8_name)
             tree[latin1_name] = (stat.S_IFREG | 0o644, file.id)
             tree[utf8_name] = (stat.S_IFREG | 0o644, file.id)
@@ -795,19 +794,19 @@ class TestValidatePathElement(TestCase):
 
 class TestTreeFSPathConversion(TestCase):
     def test_tree_to_fs_path(self):
-        tree_path = u"délwíçh/foo".encode("utf8")
+        tree_path = "délwíçh/foo".encode()
         fs_path = _tree_to_fs_path(b"/prefix/path", tree_path)
         self.assertEqual(
             fs_path,
-            os.fsencode(os.path.join(u"/prefix/path", u"délwíçh", u"foo")),
+            os.fsencode(os.path.join("/prefix/path", "délwíçh", "foo")),
         )
 
     def test_fs_to_tree_path_str(self):
-        fs_path = os.path.join(os.path.join(u"délwíçh", u"foo"))
+        fs_path = os.path.join(os.path.join("délwíçh", "foo"))
         tree_path = _fs_to_tree_path(fs_path)
-        self.assertEqual(tree_path, u"délwíçh/foo".encode("utf-8"))
+        self.assertEqual(tree_path, "délwíçh/foo".encode())
 
     def test_fs_to_tree_path_bytes(self):
-        fs_path = os.path.join(os.fsencode(os.path.join(u"délwíçh", u"foo")))
+        fs_path = os.path.join(os.fsencode(os.path.join("délwíçh", "foo")))
         tree_path = _fs_to_tree_path(fs_path)
-        self.assertEqual(tree_path, u"délwíçh/foo".encode("utf-8"))
+        self.assertEqual(tree_path, "délwíçh/foo".encode())

dulwich/tests/test_lfs.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import tempfile
 
 class LFSTests(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(LFSTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.test_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
         self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, self.test_dir)
         self.lfs = LFSStore.create(self.test_dir)

dulwich/tests/test_line_ending.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # test_line_ending.py -- Tests for the line ending functions
 # encoding: utf-8
 # Copyright (C) 2018-2019 Boris Feld <boris.feld@comet.ml>

dulwich/tests/test_missing_obj_finder.py

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ from dulwich.tests.utils import (
 
 class MissingObjectFinderTest(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(MissingObjectFinderTest, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.store = MemoryObjectStore()
         self.commits = []
 
@@ -46,20 +46,20 @@ class MissingObjectFinderTest(TestCase):
             self.assertIn(
                 sha,
                 expected,
-                "(%s,%s) erroneously reported as missing" % (sha, path)
+                "({},{}) erroneously reported as missing".format(sha, path)
             )
             expected.remove(sha)
 
         self.assertEqual(
             len(expected),
             0,
-            "some objects are not reported as missing: %s" % (expected,),
+            "some objects are not reported as missing: {}".format(expected),
         )
 
 
 class MOFLinearRepoTest(MissingObjectFinderTest):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(MOFLinearRepoTest, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         # present in 1, removed in 3
         f1_1 = make_object(Blob, data=b"f1")
         # present in all revisions, changed in 2 and 3
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ class MOFMergeForkRepoTest(MissingObjectFinderTest):
     #             5
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(MOFMergeForkRepoTest, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         f1_1 = make_object(Blob, data=b"f1")
         f1_2 = make_object(Blob, data=b"f1-2")
         f1_4 = make_object(Blob, data=b"f1-4")
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ class MOFMergeForkRepoTest(MissingObjectFinderTest):
 
 class MOFTagsTest(MissingObjectFinderTest):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(MOFTagsTest, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         f1_1 = make_object(Blob, data=b"f1")
         commit_spec = [[1]]
         trees = {1: [(b"f1", f1_1)]}

dulwich/tests/test_object_store.py

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ except ImportError:
 testobject = make_object(Blob, data=b"yummy data")
 
 
-class ObjectStoreTests(object):
+class ObjectStoreTests:
     def test_determine_wants_all(self):
         self.assertEqual(
             [b"1" * 40],
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ class ObjectStoreTests(object):
 
     def test_add_object(self):
         self.store.add_object(testobject)
-        self.assertEqual(set([testobject.id]), set(self.store))
+        self.assertEqual({testobject.id}, set(self.store))
         self.assertIn(testobject.id, self.store)
         r = self.store[testobject.id]
         self.assertEqual(r, testobject)
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ class ObjectStoreTests(object):
     def test_add_objects(self):
         data = [(testobject, "mypath")]
         self.store.add_objects(data)
-        self.assertEqual(set([testobject.id]), set(self.store))
+        self.assertEqual({testobject.id}, set(self.store))
         self.assertIn(testobject.id, self.store)
         r = self.store[testobject.id]
         self.assertEqual(r, testobject)
@@ -626,9 +626,9 @@ class TreeLookupPathTests(TestCase):
 
 class ObjectStoreGraphWalkerTests(TestCase):
     def get_walker(self, heads, parent_map):
-        new_parent_map = dict(
-            [(k * 40, [(p * 40) for p in ps]) for (k, ps) in parent_map.items()]
-        )
+        new_parent_map = {
+            k * 40: [(p * 40) for p in ps] for (k, ps) in parent_map.items()
+        }
         return ObjectStoreGraphWalker(
             [x * 40 for x in heads], new_parent_map.__getitem__
         )
@@ -707,7 +707,7 @@ class ObjectStoreGraphWalkerTests(TestCase):
 
 class CommitTreeChangesTests(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(CommitTreeChangesTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.store = MemoryObjectStore()
         self.blob_a = make_object(Blob, data=b"a")
         self.blob_b = make_object(Blob, data=b"b")

dulwich/tests/test_objects.py

@@ -980,7 +980,7 @@ class TreeTests(ShaFileCheckTests):
     def test_iter(self):
         t = Tree()
         t[b"foo"] = (0o100644, a_sha)
-        self.assertEqual(set([b"foo"]), set(t))
+        self.assertEqual({b"foo"}, set(t))
 
 
 class TagSerializeTests(TestCase):
@@ -1143,7 +1143,7 @@ class TagParseTests(ShaFileCheckTests):
 
     def test_check_tag_with_overflow_time(self):
         """Date with overflow should raise an ObjectFormatException when checked"""
-        author = "Some Dude <some@dude.org> %s +0000" % (MAX_TIME + 1,)
+        author = "Some Dude <some@dude.org> {} +0000".format(MAX_TIME + 1)
         tag = Tag.from_string(self.make_tag_text(tagger=(author.encode())))
         with self.assertRaises(ObjectFormatException):
             tag.check()
@@ -1301,14 +1301,14 @@ class TimezoneTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(b"-0440", format_timezone(int(((-4 * 60) - 40) * 60)))
 
     def test_format_timezone_double_negative(self):
-        self.assertEqual(b"--700", format_timezone(int(((7 * 60)) * 60), True))
+        self.assertEqual(b"--700", format_timezone(int((7 * 60) * 60), True))
 
     def test_parse_timezone_pdt_half(self):
         self.assertEqual((((-4 * 60) - 40) * 60, False), parse_timezone(b"-0440"))
 
     def test_parse_timezone_double_negative(self):
-        self.assertEqual((int(((7 * 60)) * 60), False), parse_timezone(b"+700"))
-        self.assertEqual((int(((7 * 60)) * 60), True), parse_timezone(b"--700"))
+        self.assertEqual((int((7 * 60) * 60), False), parse_timezone(b"+700"))
+        self.assertEqual((int((7 * 60) * 60), True), parse_timezone(b"--700"))
 
 
 class ShaFileCopyTests(TestCase):

dulwich/tests/test_pack.py

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ class PackTests(TestCase):
     """Base class for testing packs"""
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(PackTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.tempdir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
         self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, self.tempdir)
 
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ class PackIndexTests(PackTests):
 
     def test_iter(self):
         p = self.get_pack_index(pack1_sha)
-        self.assertEqual(set([tree_sha, commit_sha, a_sha]), set(p))
+        self.assertEqual({tree_sha, commit_sha, a_sha}, set(p))
 
 
 class TestPackDeltas(TestCase):
@@ -313,25 +313,23 @@ class TestPackData(PackTests):
         with self.get_pack_data(pack1_sha) as p:
             entries = {(sha_to_hex(s), o, c) for s, o, c in p.iterentries()}
             self.assertEqual(
-                set(
-                    [
-                        (
-                            b"6f670c0fb53f9463760b7295fbb814e965fb20c8",
-                            178,
-                            1373561701,
-                        ),
-                        (
-                            b"b2a2766a2879c209ab1176e7e778b81ae422eeaa",
-                            138,
-                            912998690,
-                        ),
-                        (
-                            b"f18faa16531ac570a3fdc8c7ca16682548dafd12",
-                            12,
-                            3775879613,
-                        ),
-                    ]
-                ),
+                {
+                    (
+                        b"6f670c0fb53f9463760b7295fbb814e965fb20c8",
+                        178,
+                        1373561701,
+                    ),
+                    (
+                        b"b2a2766a2879c209ab1176e7e778b81ae422eeaa",
+                        138,
+                        912998690,
+                    ),
+                    (
+                        b"f18faa16531ac570a3fdc8c7ca16682548dafd12",
+                        12,
+                        3775879613,
+                    ),
+                },
                 entries,
             )
 
@@ -399,17 +397,17 @@ class TestPack(PackTests):
 
     def test_iter(self):
         with self.get_pack(pack1_sha) as p:
-            self.assertEqual(set([tree_sha, commit_sha, a_sha]), set(p))
+            self.assertEqual({tree_sha, commit_sha, a_sha}, set(p))
 
     def test_iterobjects(self):
         with self.get_pack(pack1_sha) as p:
-            expected = set([p[s] for s in [commit_sha, tree_sha, a_sha]])
+            expected = {p[s] for s in [commit_sha, tree_sha, a_sha]}
             self.assertEqual(expected, set(list(p.iterobjects())))
 
     def test_pack_tuples(self):
         with self.get_pack(pack1_sha) as p:
             tuples = p.pack_tuples()
-            expected = set([(p[s], None) for s in [commit_sha, tree_sha, a_sha]])
+            expected = {(p[s], None) for s in [commit_sha, tree_sha, a_sha]}
             self.assertEqual(expected, set(list(tuples)))
             self.assertEqual(expected, set(list(tuples)))
             self.assertEqual(3, len(tuples))
@@ -468,7 +466,7 @@ class TestPack(PackTests):
         # file should exist
         self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(keepfile_name))
 
-        with open(keepfile_name, "r") as f:
+        with open(keepfile_name) as f:
             buf = f.read()
             self.assertEqual("", buf)
 
@@ -535,7 +533,7 @@ class TestPack(PackTests):
 
 class TestThinPack(PackTests):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(TestThinPack, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.store = MemoryObjectStore()
         self.blobs = {}
         for blob in (b"foo", b"bar", b"foo1234", b"bar2468"):
@@ -664,7 +662,7 @@ class WritePackTests(TestCase):
 pack_checksum = hex_to_sha("721980e866af9a5f93ad674144e1459b8ba3e7b7")
 
 
-class BaseTestPackIndexWriting(object):
+class BaseTestPackIndexWriting:
     def assertSucceeds(self, func, *args, **kwargs):
         try:
             func(*args, **kwargs)
@@ -801,7 +799,7 @@ class ReadZlibTests(TestCase):
     extra = b"nextobject"
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(ReadZlibTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.read = BytesIO(self.comp + self.extra).read
         self.unpacked = UnpackedObject(Tree.type_num, None, len(self.decomp), 0)
 
@@ -953,7 +951,7 @@ class TestPackIterator(DeltaChainIterator):
     _compute_crc32 = True
 
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        super(TestPackIterator, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
         self._unpacked_offsets = set()
 
     def _result(self, unpacked):
@@ -971,14 +969,14 @@ class TestPackIterator(DeltaChainIterator):
             "Attempted to re-inflate offset %i" % offset
         )
         self._unpacked_offsets.add(offset)
-        return super(TestPackIterator, self)._resolve_object(
+        return super()._resolve_object(
             offset, pack_type_num, base_chunks
         )
 
 
 class DeltaChainIteratorTests(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(DeltaChainIteratorTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.store = MemoryObjectStore()
         self.fetched = set()
 

dulwich/tests/test_porcelain.py

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ def flat_walk_dir(dir_to_walk):
 
 class PorcelainTestCase(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(PorcelainTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.test_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
         self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, self.test_dir)
         self.repo_path = os.path.join(self.test_dir, "repo")
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ ya6JVZCRbMXfdCy8lVPgtNQ6VlHaj8Wvnn2FLbWWO2n2r3s=
     NON_DEFAULT_KEY_ID = "6A93393F50C5E6ACD3D6FB45B936212EDB4E14C0"
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(PorcelainGpgTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.gpg_dir = os.path.join(self.test_dir, "gpg")
         os.mkdir(self.gpg_dir, mode=0o700)
         # Ignore errors when deleting GNUPGHOME, because of race conditions
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ ya6JVZCRbMXfdCy8lVPgtNQ6VlHaj8Wvnn2FLbWWO2n2r3s=
             stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
             stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
             input=PorcelainGpgTestCase.DEFAULT_KEY,
-            universal_newlines=True,
+            text=True,
         )
 
     def import_non_default_key(self):
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ ya6JVZCRbMXfdCy8lVPgtNQ6VlHaj8Wvnn2FLbWWO2n2r3s=
             stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
             stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
             input=PorcelainGpgTestCase.NON_DEFAULT_KEY,
-            universal_newlines=True,
+            text=True,
         )
 
 
@@ -906,7 +906,7 @@ class AddTests(PorcelainTestCase):
         cwd = os.getcwd()
         try:
             os.chdir(self.repo.path)
-            self.assertEqual(set(["foo", "blah", "adir", ".git"]), set(os.listdir(".")))
+            self.assertEqual({"foo", "blah", "adir", ".git"}, set(os.listdir(".")))
             self.assertEqual(
                 (["foo", os.path.join("adir", "afile")], set()),
                 porcelain.add(self.repo.path),
@@ -967,8 +967,8 @@ class AddTests(PorcelainTestCase):
             ],
         )
         self.assertIn(b"bar", self.repo.open_index())
-        self.assertEqual(set(["bar"]), set(added))
-        self.assertEqual(set(["foo", os.path.join("subdir", "")]), ignored)
+        self.assertEqual({"bar"}, set(added))
+        self.assertEqual({"foo", os.path.join("subdir", "")}, ignored)
 
     def test_add_file_absolute_path(self):
         # Absolute paths are (not yet) supported
@@ -1554,7 +1554,7 @@ class ResetFileTests(PorcelainTestCase):
             f.write('something new')
         porcelain.reset_file(self.repo, file, target=sha)
 
-        with open(full_path, 'r') as f:
+        with open(full_path) as f:
             self.assertEqual('hello', f.read())
 
     def test_reset_remove_file_to_commit(self):
@@ -1573,7 +1573,7 @@ class ResetFileTests(PorcelainTestCase):
         os.remove(full_path)
         porcelain.reset_file(self.repo, file, target=sha)
 
-        with open(full_path, 'r') as f:
+        with open(full_path) as f:
             self.assertEqual('hello', f.read())
 
     def test_resetfile_with_dir(self):
@@ -1598,7 +1598,7 @@ class ResetFileTests(PorcelainTestCase):
             author=b"John <john@example.com>",
         )
         porcelain.reset_file(self.repo, os.path.join('new_dir', 'foo'), target=sha)
-        with open(full_path, 'r') as f:
+        with open(full_path) as f:
             self.assertEqual('hello', f.read())
 
 
@@ -1616,7 +1616,7 @@ class SubmoduleTests(PorcelainTestCase):
 
     def test_add(self):
         porcelain.submodule_add(self.repo, "../bar.git", "bar")
-        with open('%s/.gitmodules' % self.repo.path, 'r') as f:
+        with open('%s/.gitmodules' % self.repo.path) as f:
             self.assertEqual("""\
 [submodule "bar"]
 \turl = ../bar.git
@@ -1901,7 +1901,7 @@ class PushTests(PorcelainTestCase):
 
 class PullTests(PorcelainTestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(PullTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         # create a file for initial commit
         handle, fullpath = tempfile.mkstemp(dir=self.repo.path)
         os.close(handle)
@@ -2301,7 +2301,7 @@ class StatusTests(PorcelainTestCase):
             os.path.join(self.repo.path, "link"),
         )
         self.assertEqual(
-            set(["ignored", "notignored", ".gitignore", "link"]),
+            {"ignored", "notignored", ".gitignore", "link"},
             set(
                 porcelain.get_untracked_paths(
                     self.repo.path, self.repo.path, self.repo.open_index()
@@ -2309,11 +2309,11 @@ class StatusTests(PorcelainTestCase):
             ),
         )
         self.assertEqual(
-            set([".gitignore", "notignored", "link"]),
+            {".gitignore", "notignored", "link"},
             set(porcelain.status(self.repo).untracked),
         )
         self.assertEqual(
-            set([".gitignore", "notignored", "ignored", "link"]),
+            {".gitignore", "notignored", "ignored", "link"},
             set(porcelain.status(self.repo, ignored=True).untracked),
         )
 
@@ -2332,7 +2332,7 @@ class StatusTests(PorcelainTestCase):
             f.write("blop\n")
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            set([".gitignore", "notignored", os.path.join("nested", "")]),
+            {".gitignore", "notignored", os.path.join("nested", "")},
             set(
                 porcelain.get_untracked_paths(
                     self.repo.path, self.repo.path, self.repo.open_index()
@@ -2340,7 +2340,7 @@ class StatusTests(PorcelainTestCase):
             ),
         )
         self.assertEqual(
-            set([".gitignore", "notignored"]),
+            {".gitignore", "notignored"},
             set(
                 porcelain.get_untracked_paths(
                     self.repo.path,
@@ -2351,7 +2351,7 @@ class StatusTests(PorcelainTestCase):
             ),
         )
         self.assertEqual(
-            set(["ignored", "with", "manager"]),
+            {"ignored", "with", "manager"},
             set(
                 porcelain.get_untracked_paths(
                     subrepo.path, subrepo.path, subrepo.open_index()
@@ -2369,9 +2369,9 @@ class StatusTests(PorcelainTestCase):
             ),
         )
         self.assertEqual(
-            set([os.path.join('nested', 'ignored'),
+            {os.path.join('nested', 'ignored'),
                 os.path.join('nested', 'with'),
-                os.path.join('nested', 'manager')]),
+                os.path.join('nested', 'manager')},
             set(
                 porcelain.get_untracked_paths(
                     self.repo.path,
@@ -2393,14 +2393,12 @@ class StatusTests(PorcelainTestCase):
             f.write("foo")
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            set(
-                [
-                    ".gitignore",
-                    "notignored",
-                    "ignored",
-                    os.path.join("subdir", ""),
-                ]
-            ),
+            {
+                ".gitignore",
+                "notignored",
+                "ignored",
+                os.path.join("subdir", ""),
+            },
             set(
                 porcelain.get_untracked_paths(
                     self.repo.path,
@@ -2410,7 +2408,7 @@ class StatusTests(PorcelainTestCase):
             )
         )
         self.assertEqual(
-            set([".gitignore", "notignored"]),
+            {".gitignore", "notignored"},
             set(
                 porcelain.get_untracked_paths(
                     self.repo.path,
@@ -2488,14 +2486,14 @@ class ReceivePackTests(PorcelainTestCase):
 
 class BranchListTests(PorcelainTestCase):
     def test_standard(self):
-        self.assertEqual(set([]), set(porcelain.branch_list(self.repo)))
+        self.assertEqual(set(), set(porcelain.branch_list(self.repo)))
 
     def test_new_branch(self):
         [c1] = build_commit_graph(self.repo.object_store, [[1]])
         self.repo[b"HEAD"] = c1.id
         porcelain.branch_create(self.repo, b"foo")
         self.assertEqual(
-            set([b"master", b"foo"]), set(porcelain.branch_list(self.repo))
+            {b"master", b"foo"}, set(porcelain.branch_list(self.repo))
         )
 
 
@@ -2512,7 +2510,7 @@ class BranchCreateTests(PorcelainTestCase):
         self.repo[b"HEAD"] = c1.id
         porcelain.branch_create(self.repo, b"foo")
         self.assertEqual(
-            set([b"master", b"foo"]), set(porcelain.branch_list(self.repo))
+            {b"master", b"foo"}, set(porcelain.branch_list(self.repo))
         )
 
 
@@ -3023,7 +3021,7 @@ class DescribeTests(PorcelainTestCase):
 
 class PathToTreeTests(PorcelainTestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(PathToTreeTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.fp = os.path.join(self.test_dir, "bar")
         with open(self.fp, "w") as f:
             f.write("something")

dulwich/tests/test_protocol.py

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ from dulwich.protocol import (
 from dulwich.tests import TestCase
 
 
-class BaseProtocolTests(object):
+class BaseProtocolTests:
     def test_write_pkt_line_none(self):
         self.proto.write_pkt_line(None)
         self.assertEqual(self.rout.getvalue(), b"0000")

dulwich/tests/test_reflog.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 # test_reflog.py -- tests for reflog.py
-# encoding: utf-8
 # Copyright (C) 2015 Jelmer Vernooij <jelmer@jelmer.uk>
 #
 # Dulwich is dual-licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 and the GNU

dulwich/tests/test_refs.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 # test_refs.py -- tests for refs.py
-# encoding: utf-8
 # Copyright (C) 2013 Jelmer Vernooij <jelmer@jelmer.uk>
 #
 # Dulwich is dual-licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 and the GNU
@@ -172,7 +171,7 @@ _TEST_REFS = {
 }
 
 
-class RefsContainerTests(object):
+class RefsContainerTests:
     def test_keys(self):
         actual_keys = set(self._refs.keys())
         self.assertEqual(set(self._refs.allkeys()), actual_keys)
@@ -700,7 +699,7 @@ class DiskRefsContainerTests(RefsContainerTests, TestCase):
 
     def test_non_ascii(self):
         try:
-            encoded_ref = os.fsencode(u"refs/tags/schön")
+            encoded_ref = os.fsencode("refs/tags/schön")
         except UnicodeEncodeError as exc:
             raise SkipTest(
                 "filesystem encoding doesn't support special character"

dulwich/tests/test_repository.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # test_repository.py -- tests for repository.py
 # Copyright (C) 2007 James Westby <jw+debian@jameswestby.net>
 #
@@ -332,7 +331,7 @@ class RepositoryRootTests(TestCase):
         self.assertFilesystemHidden(os.path.join(repo_dir, ".git"))
 
     def test_init_mkdir_unicode(self):
-        repo_name = u"\xa7"
+        repo_name = "\xa7"
         try:
             os.fsencode(repo_name)
         except UnicodeEncodeError:
@@ -543,7 +542,7 @@ class RepositoryRootTests(TestCase):
         ``Repo.fetch_objects()``).
         """
 
-        expected_shas = set([b"60dacdc733de308bb77bb76ce0fb0f9b44c9769e"])
+        expected_shas = {b"60dacdc733de308bb77bb76ce0fb0f9b44c9769e"}
 
         # Source for objects.
         r_base = self.open_repo("simple_merge.git")
@@ -690,9 +689,9 @@ exit 0
         if os.name != "posix":
             self.skipTest("shell hook tests requires POSIX shell")
 
-        pre_commit_contents = """#!%(executable)s
+        pre_commit_contents = """#!{executable}
 import sys
-sys.path.extend(%(path)r)
+sys.path.extend({path!r})
 from dulwich.repo import Repo
 
 with open('foo', 'w') as f:
@@ -700,9 +699,9 @@ with open('foo', 'w') as f:
 
 r = Repo('.')
 r.stage(['foo'])
-""" % {
-            'executable': sys.executable,
-            'path': [os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..', '..')] + sys.path}
+""".format(
+            executable=sys.executable,
+            path=[os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..', '..')] + sys.path)
 
         repo_dir = os.path.join(self.mkdtemp())
         self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, repo_dir)
@@ -732,7 +731,7 @@ r.stage(['foo'])
         self.assertEqual([], r[commit_sha].parents)
 
         tree = r[r[commit_sha].tree]
-        self.assertEqual(set([b'blah', b'foo']), set(tree))
+        self.assertEqual({b'blah', b'foo'}, set(tree))
 
     def test_shell_hook_post_commit(self):
         if os.name != "posix":
@@ -814,7 +813,7 @@ exit 1
                 break
         else:
             raise AssertionError(
-                "Expected warning %r not in %r" % (expected_warning, warnings_list)
+                "Expected warning {!r} not in {!r}".format(expected_warning, warnings_list)
             )
         self.assertEqual([commit_sha], r[commit_sha2].parents)
 
@@ -887,7 +886,7 @@ class BuildRepoRootTests(TestCase):
         return os.path.join(tempfile.mkdtemp(), "test")
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(BuildRepoRootTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._repo_dir = self.get_repo_dir()
         os.makedirs(self._repo_dir)
         r = self._repo = Repo.init(self._repo_dir)
@@ -1434,7 +1433,7 @@ class BuildRepoRootTests(TestCase):
         r = self._repo
         repo_path_bytes = os.fsencode(r.path)
         encodings = ("utf8", "latin1")
-        names = [u"À".encode(encoding) for encoding in encodings]
+        names = ["À".encode(encoding) for encoding in encodings]
         for name, encoding in zip(names, encodings):
             full_path = os.path.join(repo_path_bytes, name)
             with open(full_path, "wb") as f:

dulwich/tests/test_server.py

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ FIVE = b"5" * 40
 SIX = b"6" * 40
 
 
-class TestProto(object):
+class TestProto:
     def __init__(self):
         self._output = []
         self._received = {0: [], 1: [], 2: [], 3: []}
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ class TestGenericPackHandler(PackHandler):
 
 class HandlerTestCase(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(HandlerTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._handler = TestGenericPackHandler()
 
     def assertSucceeds(self, func, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ class HandlerTestCase(TestCase):
 
 class UploadPackHandlerTestCase(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(UploadPackHandlerTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._repo = MemoryRepo.init_bare([], {})
         backend = DictBackend({b"/": self._repo})
         self._handler = UploadPackHandler(
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ class UploadPackHandlerTestCase(TestCase):
 
 class FindShallowTests(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(FindShallowTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._store = MemoryObjectStore()
 
     def make_commit(self, **attrs):
@@ -274,18 +274,18 @@ class FindShallowTests(TestCase):
         c1, c2, c3 = self.make_linear_commits(3)
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            (set([c3.id]), set([])), _find_shallow(self._store, [c3.id], 1)
+            ({c3.id}, set()), _find_shallow(self._store, [c3.id], 1)
         )
         self.assertEqual(
-            (set([c2.id]), set([c3.id])),
+            ({c2.id}, {c3.id}),
             _find_shallow(self._store, [c3.id], 2),
         )
         self.assertEqual(
-            (set([c1.id]), set([c2.id, c3.id])),
+            ({c1.id}, {c2.id, c3.id}),
             _find_shallow(self._store, [c3.id], 3),
         )
         self.assertEqual(
-            (set([]), set([c1.id, c2.id, c3.id])),
+            (set(), {c1.id, c2.id, c3.id}),
             _find_shallow(self._store, [c3.id], 4),
         )
 
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ class FindShallowTests(TestCase):
         heads = [a[1].id, b[1].id, c[1].id]
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            (set([a[0].id, b[0].id, c[0].id]), set(heads)),
+            ({a[0].id, b[0].id, c[0].id}, set(heads)),
             _find_shallow(self._store, heads, 2),
         )
 
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ class FindShallowTests(TestCase):
 
         # 1 is shallow along the path from 4, but not along the path from 2.
         self.assertEqual(
-            (set([c1.id]), set([c1.id, c2.id, c3.id, c4.id])),
+            ({c1.id}, {c1.id, c2.id, c3.id, c4.id}),
             _find_shallow(self._store, [c2.id, c4.id], 3),
         )
 
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ class FindShallowTests(TestCase):
         c3 = self.make_commit(parents=[c1.id, c2.id])
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            (set([c1.id, c2.id]), set([c3.id])),
+            ({c1.id, c2.id}, {c3.id}),
             _find_shallow(self._store, [c3.id], 2),
         )
 
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ class FindShallowTests(TestCase):
         self._store.add_object(tag)
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            (set([c1.id]), set([c2.id])),
+            ({c1.id}, {c2.id}),
             _find_shallow(self._store, [tag.id], 2),
         )
 
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ class TestUploadPackHandler(UploadPackHandler):
 
 class ReceivePackHandlerTestCase(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(ReceivePackHandlerTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._repo = MemoryRepo.init_bare([], {})
         backend = DictBackend({b"/": self._repo})
         self._handler = ReceivePackHandler(
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ class ReceivePackHandlerTestCase(TestCase):
 
 class ProtocolGraphWalkerEmptyTestCase(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(ProtocolGraphWalkerEmptyTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._repo = MemoryRepo.init_bare([], {})
         backend = DictBackend({b"/": self._repo})
         self._walker = _ProtocolGraphWalker(
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ class ProtocolGraphWalkerEmptyTestCase(TestCase):
 
 class ProtocolGraphWalkerTestCase(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(ProtocolGraphWalkerTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         # Create the following commit tree:
         #   3---5
         #  /
@@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ class ProtocolGraphWalkerTestCase(TestCase):
 
     def test_handle_shallow_request_no_client_shallows(self):
         self._handle_shallow_request([b"deepen 2\n"], [FOUR, FIVE])
-        self.assertEqual(set([TWO, THREE]), self._walker.shallow)
+        self.assertEqual({TWO, THREE}, self._walker.shallow)
         self.assertReceived(
             [
                 b"shallow " + TWO,
@@ -570,7 +570,7 @@ class ProtocolGraphWalkerTestCase(TestCase):
             b"deepen 2\n",
         ]
         self._handle_shallow_request(lines, [FOUR, FIVE])
-        self.assertEqual(set([TWO, THREE]), self._walker.shallow)
+        self.assertEqual({TWO, THREE}, self._walker.shallow)
         self.assertReceived([])
 
     def test_handle_shallow_request_unshallows(self):
@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ class ProtocolGraphWalkerTestCase(TestCase):
             b"deepen 3\n",
         ]
         self._handle_shallow_request(lines, [FOUR, FIVE])
-        self.assertEqual(set([ONE]), self._walker.shallow)
+        self.assertEqual({ONE}, self._walker.shallow)
         self.assertReceived(
             [
                 b"shallow " + ONE,
@@ -589,7 +589,7 @@ class ProtocolGraphWalkerTestCase(TestCase):
         )
 
 
-class TestProtocolGraphWalker(object):
+class TestProtocolGraphWalker:
     def __init__(self):
         self.acks = []
         self.lines = []
@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ class AckGraphWalkerImplTestCase(TestCase):
     """Base setup and asserts for AckGraphWalker tests."""
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(AckGraphWalkerImplTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._walker = TestProtocolGraphWalker()
         self._walker.lines = [
             (b"have", TWO),
@@ -1064,7 +1064,7 @@ class FileSystemBackendTests(TestCase):
     """Tests for FileSystemBackend."""
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(FileSystemBackendTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.path = tempfile.mkdtemp()
         self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, self.path)
         self.repo = Repo.init(self.path)
@@ -1124,7 +1124,7 @@ class ServeCommandTests(TestCase):
     """Tests for serve_command."""
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(ServeCommandTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.backend = DictBackend({})
 
     def serve_command(self, handler_cls, args, inf, outf):
@@ -1159,7 +1159,7 @@ class UpdateServerInfoTests(TestCase):
     """Tests for update_server_info."""
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(UpdateServerInfoTests, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.path = tempfile.mkdtemp()
         self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, self.path)
         self.repo = Repo.init(self.path)

dulwich/tests/test_utils.py

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ from dulwich.tests.utils import (
 
 class BuildCommitGraphTest(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(BuildCommitGraphTest, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.store = MemoryObjectStore()
 
     def test_linear(self):

dulwich/tests/test_walk.py

@@ -51,13 +51,13 @@ from dulwich.tests.utils import (
 )
 
 
-class TestWalkEntry(object):
+class TestWalkEntry:
     def __init__(self, commit, changes):
         self.commit = commit
         self.changes = changes
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "<TestWalkEntry commit=%s, changes=%r>" % (
+        return "<TestWalkEntry commit={}, changes={!r}>".format(
             self.commit.id,
             self.changes,
         )
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ class TestWalkEntry(object):
 
 class WalkerTest(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(WalkerTest, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.store = MemoryObjectStore()
 
     def make_commits(self, commit_spec, **kwargs):
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ class WalkerTest(TestCase):
 
 class WalkEntryTest(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(WalkEntryTest, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self.store = MemoryObjectStore()
 
     def make_commits(self, commit_spec, **kwargs):

dulwich/tests/test_web.py

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ from dulwich.tests.utils import (
 )
 
 
-class MinimalistWSGIInputStream(object):
+class MinimalistWSGIInputStream:
     """WSGI input stream with no 'seek()' and 'tell()' methods."""
 
     def __init__(self, data):
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ class WebTestCase(TestCase):
     _req_class: Type[HTTPGitRequest] = TestHTTPGitRequest
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(WebTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._environ = {}
         self._req = self._req_class(
             self._environ, self._start_response, handlers=self._handlers()
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ class DumbHandlersTestCase(WebTestCase):
         self.assertTrue(f.closed)
 
     def test_send_file_error(self):
-        class TestFile(object):
+        class TestFile:
             def __init__(self, exc_class):
                 self.closed = False
                 self._exc_class = exc_class
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ class DumbHandlersTestCase(WebTestCase):
         mat = re.search("^(..)(.{38})$", blob.id.decode("ascii"))
 
         def as_legacy_object_error(self):
-            raise IOError
+            raise OSError
 
         self.addCleanup(setattr, Blob, "as_legacy_object", Blob.as_legacy_object)
         Blob.as_legacy_object = as_legacy_object_error
@@ -296,11 +296,11 @@ class DumbHandlersTestCase(WebTestCase):
         self.assertContentTypeEquals("text/plain")
 
     def test_get_info_packs(self):
-        class TestPackData(object):
+        class TestPackData:
             def __init__(self, sha):
                 self.filename = "pack-%s.pack" % sha
 
-        class TestPack(object):
+        class TestPack:
             def __init__(self, sha):
                 self.data = TestPackData(sha)
 
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ class DumbHandlersTestCase(WebTestCase):
 
 
 class SmartHandlersTestCase(WebTestCase):
-    class _TestUploadPackHandler(object):
+    class _TestUploadPackHandler:
         def __init__(
             self,
             backend,
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ class SmartHandlersTestCase(WebTestCase):
             self._environ["CONTENT_LENGTH"] = content_length
         mat = re.search(".*", "/git-upload-pack")
 
-        class Backend(object):
+        class Backend:
             def open_repository(self, path):
                 return None
 
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ class SmartHandlersTestCase(WebTestCase):
     def test_get_info_refs_unknown(self):
         self._environ["QUERY_STRING"] = "service=git-evil-handler"
 
-        class Backend(object):
+        class Backend:
             def open_repository(self, url):
                 return None
 
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ class SmartHandlersTestCase(WebTestCase):
         self._environ["wsgi.input"] = BytesIO(b"foo")
         self._environ["QUERY_STRING"] = "service=git-upload-pack"
 
-        class Backend(object):
+        class Backend:
             def open_repository(self, url):
                 return None
 
@@ -454,14 +454,14 @@ class HTTPGitRequestTestCase(WebTestCase):
         message = "Something not found"
         self.assertEqual(message.encode("ascii"), self._req.not_found(message))
         self.assertEqual(HTTP_NOT_FOUND, self._status)
-        self.assertEqual(set([("Content-Type", "text/plain")]), set(self._headers))
+        self.assertEqual({("Content-Type", "text/plain")}, set(self._headers))
 
     def test_forbidden(self):
         self._req.cache_forever()  # cache headers should be discarded
         message = "Something not found"
         self.assertEqual(message.encode("ascii"), self._req.forbidden(message))
         self.assertEqual(HTTP_FORBIDDEN, self._status)
-        self.assertEqual(set([("Content-Type", "text/plain")]), set(self._headers))
+        self.assertEqual({("Content-Type", "text/plain")}, set(self._headers))
 
     def test_respond_ok(self):
         self._req.respond()
@@ -476,16 +476,14 @@ class HTTPGitRequestTestCase(WebTestCase):
             headers=[("X-Foo", "foo"), ("X-Bar", "bar")],
         )
         self.assertEqual(
-            set(
-                [
-                    ("X-Foo", "foo"),
-                    ("X-Bar", "bar"),
-                    ("Content-Type", "some/type"),
-                    ("Expires", "Fri, 01 Jan 1980 00:00:00 GMT"),
-                    ("Pragma", "no-cache"),
-                    ("Cache-Control", "no-cache, max-age=0, must-revalidate"),
-                ]
-            ),
+            {
+                ("X-Foo", "foo"),
+                ("X-Bar", "bar"),
+                ("Content-Type", "some/type"),
+                ("Expires", "Fri, 01 Jan 1980 00:00:00 GMT"),
+                ("Pragma", "no-cache"),
+                ("Cache-Control", "no-cache, max-age=0, must-revalidate"),
+            },
             set(self._headers),
         )
         self.assertEqual(402, self._status)
@@ -493,7 +491,7 @@ class HTTPGitRequestTestCase(WebTestCase):
 
 class HTTPGitApplicationTestCase(TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
-        super(HTTPGitApplicationTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._app = HTTPGitApplication("backend")
 
         self._environ = {
@@ -533,7 +531,7 @@ class GunzipTestCase(HTTPGitApplicationTestCase):
     example_text = __doc__.encode("ascii")
 
     def setUp(self):
-        super(GunzipTestCase, self).setUp()
+        super().setUp()
         self._app = GunzipFilter(self._app)
         self._environ["HTTP_CONTENT_ENCODING"] = "gzip"
         self._environ["REQUEST_METHOD"] = "POST"

dulwich/walk.py

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ ALL_ORDERS = (ORDER_DATE, ORDER_TOPO)
 _MAX_EXTRA_COMMITS = 5
 
 
-class WalkEntry(object):
+class WalkEntry:
     """Object encapsulating a single result from a walk."""
 
     def __init__(self, walker, commit):
@@ -122,13 +122,13 @@ class WalkEntry(object):
         return self._changes[path_prefix]
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "<WalkEntry commit=%s, changes=%r>" % (
+        return "<WalkEntry commit={}, changes={!r}>".format(
             self.commit.id,
             self.changes(),
         )
 
 
-class _CommitTimeQueue(object):
+class _CommitTimeQueue:
     """Priority queue of WalkEntry objects by commit time."""
 
     def __init__(self, walker: "Walker"):
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ class _CommitTimeQueue(object):
     __next__ = next
 
 
-class Walker(object):
+class Walker:
     """Object for performing a walk of commits in a store.
 
     Walker objects are initialized with a store and other options and can then

dulwich/web.py

@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ def send_file(req, f, content_type):
             if not data:
                 break
             yield data
-    except IOError:
+    except OSError:
         yield req.error("Error reading file")
     finally:
         f.close()
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ def get_loose_object(req, backend, mat):
         return
     try:
         data = object_store[sha].as_legacy_object()
-    except IOError:
+    except OSError:
         yield req.error("Error reading object")
         return
     req.cache_forever()
@@ -245,8 +245,7 @@ def get_info_refs(req, backend, mat):
         req.nocache()
         req.respond(HTTP_OK, "text/plain")
         logger.info("Emulating dumb info/refs")
-        for text in generate_info_refs(repo):
-            yield text
+        yield from generate_info_refs(repo)
 
 
 def get_info_packs(req, backend, mat):
@@ -266,7 +265,7 @@ def _chunk_iter(f):
         yield chunk[:-2]
 
 
-class ChunkReader(object):
+class ChunkReader:
 
     def __init__(self, f):
         self._iter = _chunk_iter(f)
@@ -284,7 +283,7 @@ class ChunkReader(object):
         return ret
 
 
-class _LengthLimitedFile(object):
+class _LengthLimitedFile:
     """Wrapper class to limit the length of reads from a file-like object.
 
     This is used to ensure EOF is read from the wsgi.input object once
@@ -332,7 +331,7 @@ def handle_service_request(req, backend, mat):
     handler.handle()
 
 
-class HTTPGitRequest(object):
+class HTTPGitRequest:
     """Class encapsulating the state of a single git HTTP request.
 
     Attributes:
@@ -396,7 +395,7 @@ class HTTPGitRequest(object):
         self._cache_headers = cache_forever_headers()
 
 
-class HTTPGitApplication(object):
+class HTTPGitApplication:
     """Class encapsulating the state of a git WSGI application.
 
     Attributes:
@@ -458,7 +457,7 @@ class HTTPGitApplication(object):
         return handler(req, self.backend, mat)
 
 
-class GunzipFilter(object):
+class GunzipFilter:
     """WSGI middleware that unzips gzip-encoded requests before
     passing on to the underlying application.
     """
@@ -471,7 +470,7 @@ class GunzipFilter(object):
             try:
                 environ["wsgi.input"].tell()
                 wsgi_input = environ["wsgi.input"]
-            except (AttributeError, IOError, NotImplementedError):
+            except (AttributeError, OSError, NotImplementedError):
                 # The gzip implementation in the standard library of Python 2.x
                 # requires working '.seek()' and '.tell()' methods on the input
                 # stream.  Read the data into a temporary file to work around
@@ -490,7 +489,7 @@ class GunzipFilter(object):
         return self.app(environ, start_response)
 
 
-class LimitedInputFilter(object):
+class LimitedInputFilter:
     """WSGI middleware that limits the input length of a request to that
     specified in Content-Length.
     """

examples/clone.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ _, args = getopt(sys.argv, "", [])
 
 
 if len(args) < 2:
-    print("usage: %s host:path path" % (args[0], ))
+    print("usage: {} host:path path".format(args[0]))
     sys.exit(1)
 
 elif len(args) < 3:

examples/latest_change.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import time
 from dulwich.repo import Repo
 
 if len(sys.argv) < 2:
-    print("usage: %s filename" % (sys.argv[0], ))
+    print("usage: {} filename".format(sys.argv[0]))
     sys.exit(1)
 
 r = Repo(".")
@@ -19,5 +19,5 @@ try:
 except StopIteration:
     print("No file %s anywhere in history." % sys.argv[1])
 else:
-    print("%s was last changed by %s at %s (commit %s)" % (
+    print("{} was last changed by {} at {} (commit {})".format(
         sys.argv[1], c.author, time.ctime(c.author_time), c.id))

examples/rename-branch.py

@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ def update_refs(refs):
 
 
 client.send_pack(path, update_refs, generate_pack_data)
-print("Renamed %s to %s" % (args.old_ref, args.new_ref))
+print("Renamed {} to {}".format(args.old_ref, args.new_ref))

setup.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/python3
-# encoding: utf-8
 # Setup file for dulwich
 # Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Jelmer Vernooij <jelmer@jelmer.uk>