# pack.py -- For dealing wih packed git objects. # Copyright (C) 2007 James Westby # The code is loosely based on that in the sha1_file.c file from git itself, # which is Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005 and distributed under the # GPL version 2. # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or # modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License # as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 # of the License. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, # MA 02110-1301, USA. """Classes for dealing with packed git objects. A pack is a compact representation of a bunch of objects, stored using deltas where possible. They have two parts, the pack file, which stores the data, and an index that tells you where the data is. To find an object you look in all of the index files 'til you find a match for the object name. You then use the pointer got from this as a pointer in to the corresponding packfile. """ import mmap import os import sys supports_mmap_offset = (sys.version_info[0] >= 3 or (sys.version_info[0] == 2 and sys.version_info[1] >= 6)) from objects import (ShaFile, _decompress, ) hex_to_sha = lambda hex: int(hex, 16) def simple_mmap(f, offset, size, access=mmap.ACCESS_READ): if offset+size > MAX_MMAP_SIZE and not supports_mmap_offset: raise AssertionError("%s is larger than 256 meg, and this version " "of Python does not support the offset argument to mmap().") if supports_mmap_offset: return mmap.mmap(f.fileno(), size, access=access, offset=offset) else: class SkipOffset(object): def __init__(self, data, offset): self.data = data self.offset = offset def __getslice__(self, i, j): return self.data[i+offset:j+offset] def __getitem__(self, i): return self.data[i+offset] data = mmap.mmap(f.fileno(), size, access=access) if offset == 0: return data return SkipOffset(data, offset) def multi_ord(map, start, count): value = 0 for i in range(count): value = value * 256 + ord(map[start+i]) return value MAX_MMAP_SIZE = 256 * 1024 * 1024 class PackIndex(object): """An index in to a packfile. Given a sha id of an object a pack index can tell you the location in the packfile of that object if it has it. To do the looup it opens the file, and indexes first 256 4 byte groups with the first byte of the sha id. The value in the four byte group indexed is the end of the group that shares the same starting byte. Subtract one from the starting byte and index again to find the start of the group. The values are sorted by sha id within the group, so do the math to find the start and end offset and then bisect in to find if the value is present. """ header_record_size = 4 header_size = 256 * header_record_size index_size = 4 sha_bytes = 20 record_size = sha_bytes + index_size def __init__(self, filename): """Create a pack index object. Provide it with the name of the index file to consider, and it will map it whenever required. """ self._filename = filename assert os.path.exists(filename), "%s is not a pack index" % filename # Take the size now, so it can be checked each time we map the file to # ensure that it hasn't changed. self._size = os.path.getsize(filename) assert self._size > self.header_size, "%s is too small to be a packfile" % \ filename def object_index(self, sha): """Return the index in to the corresponding packfile for the object. Given the name of an object it will return the offset that object lives at within the corresponding pack file. If the pack file doesn't have the object then None will be returned. """ size = os.path.getsize(self._filename) assert size == self._size, "Pack index %s has changed size, I don't " \ "like that" % self._filename f = open(self._filename, 'rb') try: map = simple_mmap(f, 0, size) return self._object_index(map, sha) finally: f.close() def __getitem__(self, sha): ret = self.object_index(sha) if ret is None: raise KeyError return ret def __repr__(self): return "PackIndex(%r)" % self._filename def _object_index(self, map, hexsha): """See object_index""" first_byte = hex_to_sha(hexsha[:2]) header_offset = self.header_record_size * first_byte start = multi_ord(map, header_offset-self.header_record_size, self.header_record_size) end = multi_ord(map, header_offset, self.header_record_size) sha = hex_to_sha(hexsha) while start < end: i = (start + end)/2 offset = self.header_size + (i * self.record_size) file_sha = multi_ord(map, offset + self.index_size, self.sha_bytes) if file_sha == sha: return multi_ord(map, offset, self.index_size) elif file_sha < sha: start = offset + 1 else: end = offset - 1 return None class PackData(object): """The data contained in a packfile. Pack files can be accessed both sequentially for exploding a pack, and directly with the help of an index to retrieve a specific object. The objects within are either complete or a delta aginst another. The header is variable length. If the MSB of each byte is set then it indicates that the subsequent byte is still part of the header. For the first byte the next MS bits are the type, which tells you the type of object, and whether it is a delta. The LS byte is the lowest bits of the size. For each subsequent byte the LS 7 bits are the next MS bits of the size, i.e. the last byte of the header contains the MS bits of the size. For the complete objects the data is stored as zlib deflated data. The size in the header is the uncompressed object size, so to uncompress you need to just keep feeding data to zlib until you get an object back, or it errors on bad data. This is done here by just giving the complete buffer from the start of the deflated object on. This is bad, but until I get mmap sorted out it will have to do. Currently there are no integrity checks done. Also no attempt is made to try and detect the delta case, or a request for an object at the wrong position. It will all just throw a zlib or KeyError. """ def __init__(self, filename): """Create a PackData object that represents the pack in the given filename. The file must exist and stay readable until the object is disposed of. It must also stay the same size. It will be mapped whenever needed. Currently there is a restriction on the size of the pack as the python mmap implementation is flawed. """ self._filename = filename assert os.path.exists(filename), "%s is not a packfile" % filename self._size = os.path.getsize(filename) def __repr__(self): return "PackData(%r)" % self._filename def get_object_at(self, offset): """Given an offset in to the packfile return the object that is there. Using the associated index the location of an object can be looked up, and then the packfile can be asked directly for that object using this function. Currently only non-delta objects are supported. """ size = os.path.getsize(self._filename) assert size == self._size, "Pack data %s has changed size, I don't " \ "like that" % self._filename f = open(self._filename, 'rb') try: map = simple_mmap(f, offset, size) return self._get_object_at(map) finally: f.close() def _get_object_at(self, map): first_byte = ord(map[0]) sign_extend = first_byte & 0x80 type = (first_byte >> 4) & 0x07 size = first_byte & 0x0f cur_offset = 0 while sign_extend > 0: byte = ord(map[cur_offset+1]) sign_extend = byte & 0x80 size_part = byte & 0x7f size += size_part << ((cur_offset * 7) + 4) cur_offset += 1 raw_base = cur_offset+1 # The size is the inflated size, so we have no idea what the deflated size # is, so for now give it as much as we have. It should really iterate # feeding it more data if it doesn't decompress, but as we have the whole # thing then just use it. raw = map[raw_base:] uncomp = _decompress(raw) obj = ShaFile.from_raw_string(type, uncomp) return obj